超疏水表面应用广泛，价值巨大。构筑超疏水表面的方法众多，化学刻蚀具有方法简单、效果显著的特点。针对金属表面，研究刻蚀液成分、溶液配比及反应条件对材料疏水性能的影响以及低表面能修饰方法与机理。从Wenzel、Cassie基础理论模型展开，综述了不同的固-液接触状态及疏液机理，通过SEM图与关系曲线图，直观地展示了刻蚀方法与刻蚀反应条件对试样表面微观形貌与宏观疏水性能的影响。从理论分析的角度阐述了表面微结构形貌以及尺寸参数对于静态、动态疏水性能的影响。针对用于低表面修饰的修饰剂与官能团，对其修饰效果与修饰机理进行了说明。在此基础上，针对该方法目前存在的问题进行总结和梳理，并对刻蚀后表面疏水性能稳定性在不同情况下出现波动的原因进行深入分析。

Super hydrophobic surfaces are widely used and have great value. There are many methods to construct superhydrophobic surface. Chemical etching has the characteristics of simple operation and remarkable effect. For metal surfaces, the effects of etching solution composition, solution ratio and reaction conditions on the hydrophobic properties of metal surface were studied and the methods and mechanisms of low surface energy modification were explored. Based on Wenzel‘s and Cassie‘s basic theoretical models, the different solid-liquid contact states and liquid dredging mechanisms were summarized. The effects of etching methods and reaction conditions on the micro-morphology and macro-hydrophobic properties of the sample surface were visually demonstrated by SEM and relationship curves. The effects of surface morphology and size parameters on static and dynamic hydrophobic properties were discussed theoretically. The modification effect and mechanism of modifiers and functional groups used for low surface modification were described. On this basis, the existing problems of this method were summarized and sorted out, and the reasons for the fluctuation of surface hydrophobic stability after etching under different conditions were deeply analyzed.