铝是一种应用十分广泛的耐腐蚀材料，热喷涂技术作为表面工程领域的重要技术之一，在钢铁材料表面喷涂铝涂层，能够对钢铁材料起到很好的耐腐蚀保护作用，延长钢铁的使用寿命，减少对钢材的维护与保养。目前通常采用火焰喷涂技术、电弧喷涂技术和冷喷涂技术制备铝涂层，对此三种热喷涂技术制备铝涂层的涂层特点和耐腐蚀性能进行综述。系统归纳了这三种热喷涂技术的热源温度、粒子飞行速度和喷涂距离对形成涂层特点的影响机制，以及铝涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐腐蚀机理，揭示出铝涂层内部孔隙是影响其耐腐蚀性能的最主要因素，孔隙含量可由孔隙率表示，并指出随着孔隙率的增大，其耐腐蚀性能降低。但是并未详细指出涂层内部孔隙的含量和形状大小对涂层耐腐蚀性能的影响，因此通过进一步优化热喷涂技术制备铝涂层的工艺，研究不同孔隙含量的铝涂层和不同形状大小孔隙的铝涂层在实际服役工况下的具体耐腐蚀程度，对今后热喷涂铝涂层的实际应用具有重要的科学意义，是今后的重点研究方向之一。

Aluminum is a widely used corrosion-resistant material. As one of the important technologies in the field of surface engineering, thermal spraying technology can be used to prepare aluminum coatings on the surface of mild steel to provide corrosion-resistant protection, prolong the service life of mild steel, and reduce the maintenance. At present, flame spraying technology, arc spraying technology and cold spraying technology are commonly used to prepare aluminum coatings. The characteristics and corrosion resistance of aluminum coatings prepared by these three thermal spraying technologies were reviewed. The influence mechanism of heat source temperature, particle flying speed and spraying distance on the characteristics of the coatings and the corrosion resistance mechanism of the aluminum coatings in 3.5%NaCl solution were systematically summarized. It was found that the pore content in the aluminum coating was the most important factor affecting the corrosion resistance. The pore content could be expressed by the porosity and the corrosion resistance of the aluminum coating decreased with the increase of the porosity. However, the effects of different contents of pore and the different shapes and sizes of pore on corrosion resistance were not pointed out in detail. Therefore, it is of great scientific significance for the practical application of thermal spraying aluminum coatings in the future and is one of the key research directions in the future to further optimize the process of preparing aluminum coatings by thermal spraying technology and to study the specific corrosion resistance of aluminum coatings with different content of pores and pores of different shapes and sizes under actual service conditions.