目的 分析某集输管道的腐蚀失效行为，明确腐蚀特征、腐蚀类型及腐蚀机理，指导其防腐处理，从而延长管道的使用寿命。方法 通过几何尺寸测量、宏观观察分析了管道内外壁的腐蚀部位及宏观特征。通过化学成分分析、金相分析对管道材质进行了检验。在腐蚀穿孔处取样，采用扫描电镜对腐蚀表面进行了微观形貌分析及微区能谱分析。采用X射线衍射仪对腐蚀产物进行了物相分析。结果 穿孔管样的化学成分符合GB/T 9711—2017标准要求，金相组织无异常。管样以内壁腐蚀为主，腐蚀位置为4点—8点钟以下部位，外壁基本无腐蚀。腐蚀产物为片层状，且呈现出多层结构，其中最外层相对比较疏松，主要含有C、Si、O、Ca等元素，为表面附着的污垢；中间层和内层则比较致密，主要由Fe、O元素组成，并含有一定量的Cl元素。X射线衍射结果表明，腐蚀产物主要由Fe3O4和FeOOH组成。结论 管道内表面底部腐蚀及穿孔主要是由于油水呈层流状态，水在管道底部沉积，对管道底部形成电化学腐蚀所致，基本类型为溶解氧腐蚀，Clˉ及表面腐蚀产物膜的破坏加速了局部腐蚀。

The work aims to determine the corrosion features, corrosion type and corrosion mechanism by analyzing the corrosion failure behavior of some gathering pipeline so as to guide the corrosion treatment and extend the service life of pipeline. The corrosion location and macroscopic characteristics of the inner and outer walls of pipeline were analyzed through geometric dimension measurement and macroscopic observation. The materials were inspected through chemical composition analysis and metallographic analysis. Samples were taken from the corrosion perforation part and microscopic morphology and energy dispersive spectroscopy of the corroded surface were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The corrosion products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction. The chemical composition of the perforated pipeline conformed to GB/T 9711—2017 standard, and there was no abnormal metallographic structure. The corrosion was concentrated on the inner wall the corrosion location was between 4 o’clock and 8 o’clock. There was basically no corrosion on the outer wall of the pipeline. The corrosion products were lamellar and showed a multi-layer structure. The outer layer was relatively loose and mainly composed of C, Si, O, Ca and other elements, which were dirt and scale adhered to the surface. The middle and inner layers were relatively dense and mainly composed of Fe, O elements, and contained a certain amount of Cl elements, which were the main components of corrosion products. X-ray diffraction results showed that the corrosion products were mainly composed of Fe3O4 and FeOOH. The corrosion and perforation of the inner surface for the pipeline are mainly caused by the laminar flow of oil and water, the deposition of water at the bottom of the pipeline and the formation of electrochemical corrosion. The basic corrosion type is dissolved oxygen corrosion. Local corrosion is accelerated by the Clˉ and destruction of the corrosion product film on the surface.