目的 在45#钢表面制备可高效快捷监测涂层摩擦磨损状况的耐磨自敏涂层（Cu-14A1-X/ SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+）。方法 用冷喷涂方法，在45#钢基体表面制备含不同体积分数的铝酸锶与高铝青铜粉末的复合发光涂层。采用X射线衍射仪（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和荧光分光光度计，分析了荧光粉比例对自敏复合发光涂层的相组成、发光性能、表面及截面形貌的影响。结果 复合涂层的物相与原始粉末基本相同。随着涂层粉体中铝酸锶磷光粉体积分数的增加，相同工艺下制备的涂层厚度逐渐增大。三种涂层与基体的结合强度随着铝酸锶粉末颗粒所占的比重增大，呈现出先增大后略微降低的趋势。同时，随着磷光粉体积分数的改变，铝酸锶颗粒在复合涂层表面的沉积率最大为13.6%，且沉积率变化的趋势逐渐减小，相应地，涂层的发光强度也降低。结论 高铝青铜与铝酸锶粉末配比为7∶3时，涂层发射光谱符合4f65d1→4d7的宽带发射，在受到激发后，均发出耀眼的黄绿色光，具有很好的指示效果，且铝酸锶粒子对涂层起钉扎作用，沉积好，结合强度高。

The work aims to prepare wear-resistant and self-sensing coating (Cu-14A1-X/SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+) on 45# steel to quickly and efficiently monitor the friction and wear conditions of coating. The luminous composite coatings with different volume fractions of strontium aluminate and high aluminum bronze powders were fabricated on 45# steel by cold spraying. The effects of phosphors content on the phase composition, luminescent properties, surface morphology and cross section morphology of the self-sensing composite luminescent coating were analyzed by XRD, SEM and fluorescence spectrophotometer. The phase composition of Cu-14A1-X/SrAl2O4:Eu2+,Dy3+ was same as that of original powders. As the volume fraction of strontium aluminate phosphate powders in coating increased, the thickness of coating prepared under the same process gradually increased. The bonding strength between three kinds of coatings and the substrate increased with the growth of strontium aluminate powder particles and then decreased slightly. Meanwhile, with the change of volume fraction of phosphors, the maximum deposition rate of barium aluminate particles on the surface of the composite coating was 13.6% and then gradually decreased and the corresponding luminous strength of coating also decreased. When the mix ratio of high aluminum bronze and barium aluminate particles is 7 : 3, the emission spectrum of coating meets the broadband emission 4f65d1→4d7. Under stimulation, dazzling yellow-green light will be emitted and good indication effects will be obtained. Barium aluminate particles can fix the coating and has good deposition effects and high bonding strength.