目的 采用等离子熔覆技术，制备性能优良的AlN-Fe3Al增强Fe基熔覆层。方法 采用Al粉和Fe基合金粉为熔覆材料，利用等离子熔覆技术，以氮气为保护气体和反应气体，在Q235基体上制备Fe基熔覆层。采用X射线衍射仪、扫描电镜、显微硬度计、磨损试验机和电化学工作站，研究了Al对Fe基熔覆层的相组成、组织形貌、硬度、耐磨性和耐腐蚀性的影响。结果 以Fe基合金粉为熔覆材料时制备的熔覆层主要由α-Fe和Cr组成，Al（质量分数为6%）的加入使熔覆层中出现AlN、Fe3Al及Cr5Al8相。两种情况下制备的熔覆层均成形良好，且与基体呈冶金结合。含Al熔覆层中原位合成的AlN颗粒弥散分布于熔覆层中，尺寸小于5 μm。Al的加入使熔覆层的最高硬度由之前的340HV0.5增加至1350HV0.5，使熔覆层的耐磨性提高4.6倍。并使熔覆层表面形成钝化膜，显著提高了其耐腐蚀性。结论 采用等离子熔覆技术制备出的AlN-Fe3Al增强Fe基熔覆层，其耐磨性和耐腐蚀性得到显著提高。

The work aims to prepare high-performance Fe-based cladding coating reinforced by AlN-Fe3Al by the plasma cladding method. Iron-based alloy powder and aluminum powder were used as reactive sources to prepare Fe-based cladding coatings on Q235 steel substrate by plasma cladding method with nitrogen as reactant and protective gas. The effects of Al on the phase composition, microstructure, microhardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the Fe-based cladding coatings were investigated by XRD, SEM, microhardness tester, wear resistance and electrochemistry workstation. The cladding coating prepared by Fe-based alloy powder was composed of α-Fe and Cr, while AlN, Fe3Al and Cr5Al8 were detected in the cladding coating with Al (mass fraction of 6%). Both cladding coatings were well formed and metallurgically bonded with the substrate. The in situsynthesized AlN particles distributing in the cladding coating with Al were smaller than 5 μm. The largest microhardness of the cladding coating increased from 340 HV0.5 to 1350 HV0.5 due to the addition of Al. Compared to the cladding coating without Al, the wear resistance of the coating with Al increased by 4.6-fold. Al could from al layer of passive film on the cladding coating and improved the corrosion resistance significantly. The wear and corrosion resistance of AlN-Fe3Al reinforced Fe-based cladding coating prepared by plasma cladding technology are improved obviously.