目的 表征表面活性剂对油藏岩石表面润湿性的影响。方法 用5%二甲基硅油乙醇溶液将云母片处理为亲油表面，配制不同浓度的单链型、二聚型和低聚型季铵盐表面活性剂蒸馏水溶液和盐水溶液，以正十二烷作油相，采用接触角测量仪测定表面活性剂溶液在天然云母片和亲油云母片表面的接触角，分析不同类型表面活性剂的润湿机制，建立相应的润湿模型，得到不同表面活性剂溶液的润湿因子，并与实验进行验证。结果 低聚型表面活性剂OL1在低浓度时将天然亲水云母片变为强亲油表面，在高浓度时又将其变为亲水表面，在蒸馏水中质量分数为0.2%时可将接触角反转为141.31°（盐水中120.08°），质量分数为0.5%时又将接触角降低为80.47°（盐水中85.10°）。单链型表面活性剂SC1容易将亲油云母片表面转变为亲水表面，在蒸馏水中质量分数为0.5%时可将接触角反转为65.78°（盐水中65.51°）。二聚型表面活性剂DI1对润湿性的影响较弱。建立的润湿模型普适性较强，与实验结果吻合较好。结论 不同类型季铵盐表面活性剂对岩石表面润湿性的影响不同，建立的润湿模型能贴切反映表面活性剂溶液在云母片表面的润湿行为。

The work aims to characterize the effect of surfactant on the wettability of reservoir rocks surface. The mica tablet was treated with 5% simethicone ethanol solution to oilwet surface, and the distilled water and brine solution with different concentrations of single chain, dimer typed and oligomeric quaternary ammoium salt cationic surfactant were prepared. With dodecane as oil phase, the wetting angles of surfactant solution on natural mica and oil mica surface weremeasured by contact angle measuring instrument. The wetting mechanism of different types of surfactants was analyzed, and the corresponding wetting model was established. The wetting factors of different surfactants were obtained and validated throughthe experiments. The oligomeric surfactants OL1 could change the water wet surface of natural mica into oil wet surface at low concentration, andthen into water wet surface at high concentration. When the concentration of OL1 in distilled water was 0.2%, the wetting angle couldbe reversed to 141.31°(120.08° in brine) and when the concentration of OL1 was 0.5%, the wetting angle was reduced to 80.47°(85.10° in brine). The single chain surfactant SC1 could change the oil wet surface of treated mica into water wet surface. When the concentration of SC1 in distilled water was 0.5%, the wetting angle couldbe reversed to 65.78° (65.51° in brine). The effect of dimer typed surfactant DI1 on wettability was weak. The wetting model hada strong universality and matched with the experimental results. Different types of quaternary ammonium surfactants have different effects on the wettability of rock surfaces, and the wetting model can reflect the wetting behavior of surfactants on the surface of mica surface.