目的 在廉价钢材表面制备原位自生碳化物增强高熵合金基熔覆层，研究熔覆层的微观结构及性能，为进一步探索高熵合金及其复合材料在表面工程中的应用提供实验范例和理论依据。方法 利用等离子熔覆法在 Q235 钢表面原位制备出 VC 增强的 CoCrCuFeNiMn(VC)x（x=0、0.1、0.2，摩尔比）高熵合金基熔覆层，采用 X 射线衍射仪、金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、显微硬度计，对熔覆层的相结构、微观组织以及硬度进行分析。结果 CoCrCuFeNiMn(VC)x（x=0.1、0.2）熔覆层由高熵固溶体基体相 （FCC1+FCC2）以及 VC 增强相组成。VC 呈颗粒状或花瓣状，主要在基体的枝晶间偏聚，少量在枝晶内析出。透射电子显微镜实验结果显示，原位自生 VC 与基体之间的界面洁净，未发现明显的反应产物，符合原位自生复合材料的界面特征。在一定范围内（x=0~0.2），熔覆层的硬度随着 VC 含量的增加而升高。结论 在 Q235 钢表面采用等离子熔覆法可以原位制备出 VC 增强 CoCrCuFeNiMn 高熵合金基熔覆层，熔覆层与基材呈冶金结合，原位自生 VC 对基体起到了强化作用。

The work aims to prepare in-situ carbide enhanced high-entropy alloy-based cladding layers, study the microstructure and properties of the cladding layers, and then provide the experimental example and theoretical basis for further application of high-entropy alloys and their composites in surface engineering. In-situ VC reinforced CoCrCuFeNiMn(VC)x (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, mole ratio) high-entropy alloys cladding layers were prepared on Q235 steel substrate by plasma cladding. Phase composition, microstructure and microhardness of the cladding layers were investigated by XRD, OM, SEM, TEM and microhardness tester. CoCrCuFeNiMn(VC)x (x=0.1, 0.2) cladding layers were composed of solid solution matrix phase(FCC1+FCC2) and VC enhanced phase. VC was in granular or petaloid shape and mostly deposited in the interdendrite and only a small amount was precipitated in the dendrite. From TEM results, the interface between in-situ synthesized VC and substrate was clean without any other reacting products and conformed to the interface characteristics of the in-situ composite material. In a certain region of (x=0~0.2), the microhardness of cladding layers increased as the VC content went up. In-situ synthesized VC reinforced CoCrCuFeNiMn high-entropy alloy-based coatings can be prepared on Q235 steel substrate by plasma cladding. Cladding layers have a good metallurgical combination with the substrate and in-situ VC plays a significant role in strengthening cladding layers.