目的 研究表面织构对 45 钢干摩擦和乏油状态下摩擦磨损性能的影响。方法 用激光加工的方法在 45 钢表面加工出不同面密度的凹坑织构，在 UMT-2 型多功能摩擦磨损试验机上以球-盘副考察凹坑密度在干摩擦和乏油条件下对 45 钢摩擦磨损性能的影响。结果 在干摩擦条件下，织构密度在 4%时，摩擦配副的摩擦系数最小，稳定摩擦系数为 0.56。随着织构密度的增大，摩擦系数也逐渐增大，当织构密度增大至 16.2% 时，配副摩擦系数最大，稳定摩擦系数为 0.72。在乏油条件下，织构密度在 4%时，摩擦系数为 0.39，小于未织构试样摩擦配副。凹坑密度增大后，其摩擦系数大于未织构试样，但是均在 0.43 左右。在干摩擦和乏油条件下，织构化试样的磨损率都小于未织构试样，并且随着织构密度的增大，磨损率先减小后增加，织构密度在 8.1%时，抗磨效果最好。结论 表面织构能收集磨粒，储存润滑油，从而起到良好的减磨作用。

The work aims to study the effects of surface texture on wear behavior and mechanism of 45 steel under dry friction and starved lubrication condition. The dimple textures with different densities were produced on the surface of 45 steel by laser processing. Ball-on-disk was used on UMT-2 multifunctional friction wear testing machine to study the influence of dimple density on the friction and wear properties of 45 steel under the condition of dry friction and starved lubrication. When the texture density in dry friction was 4%, the friction coefficient of friction pairs was the minimum and the stable friction coefficient reached 0.56. The friction coefficient increased as the texture density rose. As the texture density increased to 16.2%, the friction coefficient reached the maximum and the stable friction coefficient reached 0.72. Under the starved lubrication condition, when the texture density was 4%, the friction coefficient was 0.39 that was smaller than that of non-textured ones. When the dimple density increased, the friction coefficient was larger than that of non-textured ones, but all the values were around 0.43. Under dry friction and starved lubrication conditions, the wear rate of textured samples was smaller than that of non-textured ones. The wear rate firstly decreased and then increased with the increase of the texture density. When the texture density was 8.1%, the anti-wear effect was the optimum. The surface texture can collect abrasive particles and store lubricant, thus providing good anti-friction effects.