目的 优化 ZnO 电化学制备工艺，使用银修饰提高薄膜的光催化性能。方法 采用单因素实验，对薄膜的活性和稳定性进行评价，研究电化学和光催化沉积银的氧化锌薄膜的光催化活性和稳定性，研究空穴剂、光催化时间、硝酸银的浓度对氧化锌薄膜的影响。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X 射线衍射仪（XRD）对膜层进行表征。结果 电流密度为 3.33 mA/cm2，电解 10 min 时，制备的纯氧化锌薄膜金橙 II 脱色率最好，且脱色时间与脱色率成正相关。电化学沉积银的薄膜有严重的脱落现象，误差较大。加入 0.05 mol/mL 的硝酸银，光催化 10 min 的光催化沉积氧化锌薄膜的稳定性、去除率较好，脱色率最小。选取的空穴清除剂中，加入 0.05 mol/mL 乙醇时，薄膜没有脱落现象，脱色率较低。光催化沉积银的氧化锌薄膜在 2θ=30.92°和 26.3°处有 ZnO 的最强峰，在 2θ=37.9°处有 Ag 的最强峰。结论 电流强度为 20 mA，电解时间为 10 min，硝酸锌浓度为 0.5 mol/mL，硝酸银浓度为 0.05 mol/mL，空穴清除剂乙醇浓度为 0.05 mol/mL，光催化时间为 10 min 时，制备的薄膜最适宜。经过银修饰的氧化锌薄膜明显比纯氧化锌薄膜光催化效果好。在制备银修饰氧化锌薄膜时加入空穴清除剂，其光催化效果明显又比不加空穴清除剂的光催化效果好。

The work aims to optimize the electrochemical preparation process of ZnO and improve the photocatalytic performance of thin films by silver modification. Single-factor experiments were used to evaluate the activity and stability of the films. The photocatalytic activity and stability of electrochemically and photocatalytically deposited silver ZnO films were studied. The effects of hole-agents, photocatalytic time and concentration of silver nitrate on zinc oxide films were studied. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). When the current density was 3.33 mA/cm2 and electrolysis time was 10 min, the decolorization rate of the prepared pure zinc oxide film gold orange II was the best, and the decolorization time was positively correlated with the decolorization rate. Electrochemically deposited silver film had serious shedding phenomenon with larger error. With the addition of 0.05 mol/mL silver nitrate, zinc oxide film with photocatalysis for 10 min had better stability and removal rate and the smallest decolorization rate. The film did not exfoliate and the decolorization rate was low when 0.05 mol/mL ethanol was added in the selected hole scavenger. Zinc oxide film of the photocatalytic deposition silver contained zinc oxide at 2θ=30.92° and 26.3°; and contains the strongest peak of Ag at 2θ=37.9°. The films are the best when prepared at current density of 20 mA, electrolysis time of 10 min, concentration of zinc nitrate of 0.5 mol/mL, concentration of silver nitrate of 0.05 mol/mL, hole scavenger ethanol concentration of 0.05 mol/mL and photocatalytic time of 10 min. The silver-modified zinc oxide film is obviously better than the pure zinc oxide film in photocatalytic effect. Adding hole scavenger in the preparation of the silver-modified zinc oxide film has a better photocatalytic effect than the preparation without hole scavenger.