目的 研究电化学合成氧化钴/聚苯胺复合膜时，添加剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（C19H42NBr）的含量对氧化钴/聚苯胺复合膜微观形貌及耐腐蚀性能的影响。方法 在硫酸钴-硫酸混合液与苯胺-硫酸混合液按照体积比1∶1配制的电解液中，采用恒电位法合成氧化钴/聚苯胺复合膜，添加不同量的C19H42NBr，获得不同耐蚀性的氧化钴/聚苯胺复合膜。采用电化学测试技术，结合扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和加速腐蚀试验等方法对膜层的耐腐蚀性能进行分析。结果 恒电位法合成的氧化钴/聚苯胺复合膜中，氧化钴以晶体形式存在。随着C19H42NBr添加量的增加，膜层的微观形貌由不致密、不规则的片状形貌逐渐变为均匀、致密、规则的片状形貌，再变为带有裂纹的整体片状形貌。未添加C19H42NBr得到的氧化钴/聚苯胺复合膜的自腐蚀电流密度为4.742×10?6 A/cm2，自腐蚀电位为?0.46 V。添加0.3 g/L的C19H42NBr后，试样的自腐蚀电流密度为2.622×10?7 A/cm2，自腐蚀电位为?0.069 V，10%HCl点滴腐蚀时间达483 s，中性盐雾实验56 h未见锈蚀。随着C19H42NBr添加量的增加，试样耐蚀性先提高后降低。结论 C19H42NBr的加入对电化学合成氧化钴/聚苯胺复合膜的作用明显，对复合膜的微观形貌及耐蚀性有很大的影响。

The work aims to study the effects of additive hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (C19H42NBr) content on microstructure and corrosion resistance of cobalt oxide/polyaniline composite coatings during electrochemical synthesis of the coatings. The cobalt oxide/polyaniline composite coatings were synthesized in constant potential method in the electrolyte containing cobalt sulfate-sulfuric acid mixture and aniline-sulphuric acid mixture with volume ratio 1∶1. The cobalt oxide/polyaniline composite coatings of different corrosion resistance were obtained by adding different amount of C19H42NBr in the electrolyte. Corrosion resistance of the composite coatings was analyzed by combining electrochemical testing technology, scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer and accelerated corrosion test. The cobalt oxide existed in the form of crystal in the cobalt oxide/polyaniline composite coatings which were synthesized in constant potential method. With the increase of addition amount C19H42NBr, microstructure of coatings was changed from irregular thin lamellar morphology into uniform dense lamellar morphology, and then into cracked overall lamellar morphology. Self-corrosion current density of the C19H42NBr-free composite coatings was 4.742×10?6 A/cm2, and self-corrosion potential was ?0.46 V. After 0.3 g/L C19H42NBr was added, self-corrosion current density of the samples was 2.622×10?7 A/cm2, corrosion potential was ?0.069 V, corrosion time of 10% HCl drop reached 483 s, and no rust was observed after neutral 56 h salt spray test. Addition of C19H42NBr has obvious effects on electrochemical synthesis of cobalt oxide/polyaniline composite coatings, and significant effects on microstructure and corrosion resistance of the composite coatings.