目的 对比研究铜基石墨复合材料耐磨层（SY-01）以及铜基聚四氟乙烯复合材料耐磨层（SY-02）的各种性能，以期选择最佳耐磨板材料。方法 利用扫描电镜及配套的能谱分析仪分析两种耐磨层的微观结构及化学成分，利用压汞法测试耐磨层的孔隙分布以及孔隙率值，并分析两种耐磨层的显微硬度及抗冲击性能。此外，还采用SRV-4高温摩擦磨损试验机测试两种耐磨层的摩擦学性能。结果 SY-01试样耐磨层的孔隙率为28.04%，SY-02试样耐磨层的孔隙率为7.43%。SY-01耐磨层的显微硬度分布比较均匀，平均硬度为52.75HV0.5；SY-02耐磨层不同位置的显微硬度值相差较大，共混区的硬度在32HV0.5左右。相同摩擦工况下，SY-01试样磨痕深度为3.50 μm，SY-02试样磨痕深度为11.0 μm，约为SY-01试样磨痕深度的3倍。结论 SY-01耐磨层的显微硬度、抗冲击性能以及摩擦学性能均优于SY-02耐磨层。SY-01耐磨层的摩擦磨损机制表现为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损，SY-02耐磨层的摩擦磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损。

The work aims to choose the best wear plate material by comparing various properties of copper-based graphite composite (SY-01) and copper-based PTFE composite (SY-02). Microstructure and chemical composition of the coatings were evaluated with environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM) and supporting energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Pore distribution and porosity value were analyzed and tested in pressure mercury method. Micro-hardness and impact resistance were analyzed with numerous devices and in various methods. In addition, tribological properties of the two wear-resistant layers were tested with SRV-4 high-temperature friction and wear tester. The porosity of SY-01 sample was 28.04% while that of SY-02 sample was 7.43%. The average microhardness of SY-01 was 52.75HV0.5 and the distribution was more uniform. However, microhardness of the mixed area was nearly 32HV0.5. Under the same friction conditions, depth of wear scar of SY-01 sample was 3.50 μm, and that of SY-02 sample was 11.0 μm, which was about 3 times that of SY-01 sample. The microhardness, impact resistance and tribological properties of SY-01 wear-resistant layer are all superior to those of SY-02 wear-resistant layer. Friction-wear mechanism of SY-01 wear-resistant layer involves abrasive wear and adhesive wear, while that of SY-02 wear-resistant layer mainly involves abrasive wear.