目的 提高环氧树脂基烧蚀防热涂层的耐烧蚀性能和韧性。方法 通过新的合成方法，采用一步法合成了一种环氧有机硅树脂基体。通过红外光谱对合成后树脂的化学结构进行表征，并研究了新型树脂基体的力学性能和热裂解温域。在此基础上，以环氧有机硅树脂为新型树脂基体制备烧蚀防热涂层，并对涂层的力学性能、耐烧蚀性能及热防护性能进行评价与考核。结果 韧性方面，新型环氧有机硅烧蚀防热涂层相比于传统环氧基烧蚀防热涂层，断裂伸长率可由原来的1%提高至8%；耐烧蚀性能方面，在最高热流为200 kW/m2、时长为320 s的环境下，1 mm厚新型烧蚀防热涂层应用在304钢上，烧蚀表面平整，其背温仅为160 ℃，而传统的环氧涂层的背温为220 ℃。结论 环氧有机硅树脂可提升传统环氧基烧蚀防热涂层的耐烧蚀性能和韧性。

The work aims to improve ablation and toughness properties of silicone modified epoxy resin based ablation thermal protection coating. A new type of silicone modified epoxy resin was synthesized by a new synthetic method, i.e. one-step method. FT-IR was used to characterize the chemical structure of synthetic resin and study the mechanical properties and the pyrolysis temperature range of new resin matrix. On such basis, the silicone modified epoxy resin was used as the new resin matrix to prepare the ablation thermal protection coating. The mechanical properties, ablation resistance and thermal protection of coatings were also evaluated and assessed. As for toughness, the elongation at break of new silicone modified epoxy based ablation thermal protection coating increased from 1% to 8% when compared with the traditional one. For ablation property, when 1mm thick new ablation thermal protection coating was used in 304 steel at thermal flow of 200 kW/m2 and 320 s at most, the ablation surface was flat and the back temperature was only 160 ℃, while the back temperature of traditional epoxy coating was 220 ℃. The silicone modified epoxy resin can improve the ablation resistance and toughness properties of traditional epoxy based ablation and thermal protection coating.