目的 研制一种柔韧性良好的SiO2气凝胶涂层。方法 以SiO2气凝胶为主要隔热填料，以水性树脂为基料，在多种功能助剂的配合下，制备轻质高效的隔热涂料，作为中间层漆与水性防腐底漆、水性耐候性面漆配套使用。结果 以水性聚氨酯树脂作为基料，当气凝胶添加量为13%~16%时，涂层的导热系数能够达到0.05 W/(m?K)以下，涂层表面不开裂，综合性能较好。气凝胶隔热涂料与水性环氧防腐底漆、水性聚氨酯面漆配套相容性良好。结论 将SiO2气凝胶添加到有机树脂中，制备成具有有机成膜物柔性的水性隔热涂层，在力学性能优异的树脂包裹下，可避免其在形变时发生脆性断裂。涂料简单易行的施工方式，使其不再受被保护部件复杂形状的限制，从而极大地拓展涂层的应用范围。同时，涂层体系集防腐、隔热与装饰一体化，为高效防腐隔热提供了全新的解决方案。

Silica aerogels have excellent thermal insulation properties, but easily break under external force. Therefore, the work aims to prepare the silica aerogels coating with favorable flexibility. Silica aerogels were used as main thermal insulation pigment and water-borne resins were taken as basic material to prepare light and high-efficiency thermal insulation coating by multiple functional additive. The coating was used as intermediate coat and applied with waterborne anticorrosive primer and waterborne weather resistant finish together. When the content of aerogels was 13%~16%, the thermal conductivity of the coating was 0.05 W/(m?K) or below with waterborne polyurethane resin as base material, and the surface of the coating was free from crack and the comprehensive performance was better. Silica aerogels insulation coatings, water-based epoxy anti-corrosion primer, and water-based polyurethane finish had good compatibility. When silica aerogels are added into organic resins, a waterborne thermal insulation coating with favorable flexibility of organic film former can be prepared. Due to resin with excellent mechanical properties, breakage of coating under deformation can be avoided. The simple painting method can escape the coating from the restriction caused by protected components and then expand the application range. The coating system integrates anti-corrosion, thermal insulation and decoration ability, thus providing a new solution for efficient anti-corrosion and heat insulation.