目的 开发盐酸清洗领域的天然绿色缓蚀剂。方法 通过95%乙醇浸提法从猪殃殃草茎叶中提取植物缓蚀剂，用红外光谱（FTIR）表征了其主要官能团，采用失重法、极化曲线和电化学阻抗（EIS）谱研究了其在1 mol/L盐酸介质中对Q235钢的缓蚀性能，并探讨了缓蚀机理。结果 猪殃殃草提取物可明显减缓Q235钢在1 mol/L盐酸介质中的腐蚀，属阴极控制为主的混合型缓蚀剂，缓蚀效率随其浓度的增加而增大，当其质量浓度达到1.2 g/L时，25 ℃下的缓蚀效率可达82%以上，受浸泡时间的影响不大。其缓蚀机理为“几何覆盖效应”，有效缓蚀成分在Q235钢表面的吸附符合Langmuir等温式，吸附平衡常数为10.62 L/g，且属于物理吸附。结论 在1 mol/L盐酸溶液介质中，猪殃殃草提取物对Q235钢的缓蚀作用明显，是一种在盐酸清洗领域有一定应用价值的环境友好型缓蚀剂。

The work aims to develop green natural corrosion inhibitor in the field of hydrochloric acid cleaning, and study corrosion inhibition effect of Galium Aparine Linn extracts (GALE) on Q235 steel in 1 mol/L HCl. Plant corrosion inhibitor was extracted from Galium Aparine Linn stems and leaves in the method of 95% ethanol extraction. Main functional groups of GALE were characterized with Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Corrosion inhibition effect of GALE on Q235 steel in 1 mol/L HCl was investigated in the methods of weight loss, polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and corrosion inhibition mechanism of GALE was also discussed. The GALE could effectively inhibit corrosion of Q235 steel in 1 mol/L HCl medium, it acted as a mixed-type inhibitor mainly featuring in cathodic control. Inhibition efficiency increased as the GALE concentration increased and was up to over 82% at 25 ℃ when GALE mass concentration was 1.2 g/L, which was slightly affected by soaking time. Its inhibition mechanism was “geometric covering effect”. Adsorption of effective corrosion ingredients on Q235 steel conformed to Langrnuir isotherm and belonged to physical adsorption, and equilibrium constant was 10.62 L/g. The GALE is an effective inhibitor for Q235 steel in 1 mol/L HCl solution medium, and is also a kind of environment-friendly corrosion inhibitor of certain application value in the field of hydrochloric acid cleaning.