目的 为了实现超疏水表面在实际生产生活中大规模应用，研制了一种具有大面积、低成本、可设计性和无有机溶剂等优点的水性超疏水涂料。方法 以纳米级的气相二氧化硅和水性氟碳树脂为主要原料，以水为溶剂，通过氟硅烷疏水改性后获得了一种具有自清洁效应的超疏水涂料，借助场发射扫描电子显微镜、接触角测量仪、延时拍摄等手段对其进行了表征。结果 该水性涂料可喷涂于各种软硬表面获得超疏水表面，其接触角均大于150°，滚动角均小于10°。水滴撞击实验表明，树脂增强的超疏水涂料经总体积为600 mL的连续水滴撞击后，其静态接触角依然大于150°，滚动角依然保持在10°以内。经砂纸打磨40周期后，水滴依然可以从其表面滚落。结论 研制了一种以水为主要溶剂且价格低廉的水性超疏水涂料，将其喷涂于各种软、硬基底上均可获得均匀的超疏水涂层。该涂层还可以通过添加水性树脂来有效地增强其机械稳定性。

The work aims to achieve large-scale application of superhydrophobic surface in actual production and life by developing a waterborne superhydrophobic paint featuring in large area, low cost, designability and no organic solvent. With nanoscale fumed silica and waterborne fluorocarbon resin as main raw materials, and water as solvent, a superhydrophobic paint having self-cleaning effect was fabricated based upon fluorosilane hydrophobic modification. The paint was characterized with field emission scanning electron microscope, contact angle measuring instrument, time-lapse shooting and so on. The waterborne paint could be sprayed on various soft and hard surfaces to obtain superhydrophobic surfaces, the contact angles were all greater than 150° while rolling angles were all less than 10°. Droplet impingement experiments showed that, for the superhydrophobic paint enhanced by resin, its static contact angle was greater than 150° while its rolling angle was below 10° after continuous impingement by 600 mL droplet (total volume). After grinding with sandpaper for 40 cycles, droplets could still fall off their surface. A cheap waterborne superhydrophobic paint with water as main solvent is developed, which can be sprayed to various soft or hard substrates to obtain uniform superhydrophobic coatings. Mechanical stability of the coatings can also be effectively enhanced by adding waterborne resin.