目的 利用化学刻蚀、化学氧化方法在304不锈钢表面制备微纳米结构并实现超亲水性质，改变时效处理温度，研究亲水表面润湿性的稳定程度。方法 以2 mol/L的FeCl3溶液、HCl、H2O2按照15:1:1的体积比混合得到刻蚀溶液，氧化液采用CrO3与H2SO4的混合溶液。刻蚀完成后，通过接触角测量仪（OCA15EC）、场发射扫描电子显微镜（FE-SEM）及自带的能谱仪（EDS）表征试样表面的接触角、微纳米级表面形貌及试样表面元素，并分析不同处理条件下润湿性的变化规律。结果 在本征润湿角为45°左右的304不锈钢基体上，通过化学刻蚀、化学氧化的复合处理方法可以获得超亲水表面。常温条件下，试样能够维持一定时间的超亲水性质。高温时效处理后，超亲水表面的润湿性发生变化，经400 ℃时效处理后，重新获得超亲水特性。结论 该方法较易在耐腐蚀基体不锈钢表面制备微纳米结构，对基体表面润湿性产生影响。

The work aims to study stability of hydrophilic surface wettability as a function of aging temperature by preparing micro-nano structures and realizing super-hydrophilicity on the surface of 304 stainless steel by chemical etching and chemical oxidation. An etching solution was obtained by mixing 2 mol/L FeCl3 solution, HCl and H2O2 in a volume ratio of 15:1:1. Contact angle, micro-nano surface morphology and surface elements of the sample were characterized with contact angle measuring instrument, field emission scanning electron microscope and self-contained energy dispersive spectrometer, and change rule of wettability in different treatment conditions was analyzed. The super-hydrophilic surface could be obtained by chemical etching and chemical oxidation on the 304 stainless steel substrate with intrinsic wetting angle of 45°. Super-hydrophilicity of the sample could be maintained for a certain period of time at normal temperature. Wettability of the super-hydrophilic surface changed after aging treatment at high temperature, and the super-hydrophilicity was recovered after aging treatment at 400 ℃. The method facilitates preparation of micro-nanostructure on stainless steel surface of corrosion resistant substrate, and has effects on wettability of substrate surface.