目的 在不锈钢纤维毡表面进行超浸润性微纳结构的构建，减小纤维毡孔径并提升其耐污染性，实现乳化油的高效分离。方法 先采用双阳极电化学沉积法，在不锈钢纤维丝表面沉积微米级铜颗粒，再采用双阴极电化学氧化法，将铜颗粒氧化为具有微纳结构的Cu(OH)2纳米针。通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、接触角测量仪、油水分离测试、紫外可见分光光度计等手段，对样品的微观形貌、组成成分、润湿性和油水分离性能等进行了表征。结果 经微纳米结构构建后，不锈钢纤维毡表面的浸润性由疏水（135°）变为超亲水（≈0°）/水下超疏油（161°），水包油乳液的分离效率可达99%，循环分离8次后，分离效率依然在99%以上，分离后滤液的透光率在98%以上，水包油中的油滴被有效去除。结论 通过电沉积-电化学氧化法可在不锈钢毡纤维表面构建多孔微纳复合结构，该表面具有优异的超亲水/水下超疏油性能，可对水包油乳化油进行高效分离，且循环分离多次后未见明显衰减，显示出良好的耐污染性。

The work aims to reduce pore size and increase stain resistance of the fiber felts by building superwetting micro-nanostructure on surface of stainless steel fiber felts, so as to achieve efficient separation of emulsified oil. Micron-sized copper particles were deposited on the surface of stainless steel fiber felts in the method of double-anodic electrochemical deposition. Then copper particles were oxidized into Cu(OH)2 nanoneedles with micro-nano structures in the method of electrochemical oxidation. Microstructure, chemical composition, wettability, oil-water separation property of the sample were characterized with scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffractometer, contact angle meter, oil-water separation test and UV-visible spectrophotometer. After fabrication of micro-nanostructures, wettability of the stainless steel fiber felt transformed into superhydrophilicity (≈0°) and underwater superoleophobicity (161°) from hydrophobicity (135°). Separation efficiency of oil-in-water emulsion could reach up to 99%, even after 8 times of cycling separations. The UV-vis light transmittance could reach over 98% after seperation. Oil droplets in the oil-in-water can be effectively removed. Porous micro-nano composite structures can be successfully constructed on the surface of stainless steel fiber felts in the method of electrodeposition-electrochemical oxidation, and the surface exhibits excellent superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic property, which can separate the oil-in-water emulsified oil effectively. After repeated separation, the separation efficiency does not reduce significantly, which proves its excellent stain resistance.