目的 解决冷轧铝板在冬季常温清洗中，由于水温低造成水基清洗剂洗净率低、易发泡等问题。方法 在3 ℃下研究了两种嵌段醇醚非离子表面活性剂的复配体系的去污性能及其清洗液的泡沫行为，以及羧酸胺缓蚀剂、烷基磷酸酯OPS75E的复配体系对钢材、铝材的缓蚀作用。结果 开发了一种在低温下低泡、高效的水基铝板带清洗剂，最佳配方（以质量分数计）：无水偏硅酸钠0.8%~2%，葡萄糖酸钠5%~8%，羧酸胺缓蚀剂2%~4%，OPS75E 1%~3%，PAA 1%~3%，有机胺酯TPP 3%~5%，NF7305 5%~8%，RPE3110 2%~4%，水63%~80.2%。在3 ℃及以上温度下，该清洗剂无泡，且能有效抑制清洗中由于油污皂化引起的泡沫，使用浓度3%、清洗时间2 min时，对冷轧铝带洗净率可达99%以上。结论 该清洗剂清洗效果较好，对碳钢、铝材有很好的缓蚀性能，各项性能符合JB/T 4323.1—1999标准。

The work aims to improve cleaning rate under low temperature and reduce foaming of water-based cleaning agent for cold-rolled aluminum sheet in winter. The cleaning rate and foam behavior of the system mixed with two kinds of block ether nonionic surfactant were studied at 3 ℃. In addition, the effects of compound system mixed with carboxylic acid amine corrosion inhibitor and alkyl phosphate OPS75E on steel and aluminium products were investigated as well. A water-based cleaning agent featuring in low foam at low temperature and high efficiency was developed, the optimum formula (on the basis of mass fraction) was: anhydrous sodium metasilicate 0.8%~2%, sodium gluconate 5%~8%, carboxylic acid amine corrosion inhibitor 2%~4%, OPS75E 1%~3%, PAA 1%~3%, TPP 3%~5%, NF7305 5%~8%, RPE3110 2%~4% and water 63%~80.2%. At the temperature above 3 ℃, it did not foam and could inhibit foam caused by oil stain saponification during the cleaning process. The cleaning rate on cold-rolled aluminium strip was over 99% provided with applied concentration of 3% and cleaning time of 2 min. The cleaning agent has favorable cleaning effect, exhibits excellent corrosion inhibition on carbon steel and aluminium products, and its properties meets the standard JB/T 4323.1—1999.