海洋生物污损一直是困扰全球海洋经济发展的重要问题之一。任何材料进入海洋环境，其表面不可避免地会遭受蛋白、多糖、细菌、海藻、软体动物等海洋生物贴附形成生物污损，不仅影响海上装备的正常运转和增加能源消耗，同时极易引起微生物腐蚀。因此，海洋抗污损新材料的开发显得极为迫切。目前碳纳米材料因具有优异的理化特性，而在海洋防腐、耐磨等工程上大量使用，其抑制海洋污损物贴附和生长的性能决定了碳材料在抗海洋生物污损领域具有广阔的应用前景。综述了石墨烯、类金刚石、金刚石、碳纳米管、富勒烯及其衍生物等典型碳纳米材料，在抗蛋白质、细菌、海藻等生物污损领域的应用现状以及抗污损机理。碳材料在海洋环境中优异的综合性能，预示其将给抗海洋生物污损新材料的开发和应用带来更多的机遇和可能。

Marine biofouling has been one of the predominating concerns for global marine economy development. Any materials immersed in seawater is inevitably subject to bio fouling due to settlement of such marine organisms as protein, bacteria, algae and mollusks, consequently resulting in energy dissipation, offshore device failure and microbiological corrosion. Therefore, it is in urgent need to develop new materials for marine anti-fouling. Now carbon nano-materials are widely used in such projects as marine anti-corrosion and marine anti-biofouling due to excellent physicochemical property. Broad application prospect of carbon materials in the field of marine anti-fouling depends on their prevention of marine fouling attachment and growth. Application status and antifouling mechanism of typical carbon nanomaterials including grapheme, diamond-like carbon, diamond, carbon nano tube, fullerene and its derivatives in preventing such biofouling as protein, bacteria and algae, and excellent comprehensive properties of carbon materials in marine environment were reviewed, so as to give clear insight into opportunities and possibility in development and application of marine antifouling materials.