目的 提高化学镀的效率，改善镀层的性能。方法 采用普通化学镀镀液配方，选择超声波功率为90～150 W，频率为20、40 kHz，研究了不同超声波条件对化学镀Ni-P合金镀层的影响。通过沉积速率、孔隙率、显微硬度、XRD、SEM及EDS等表征方法分析超声波的功率、频率对镀层各项性能的影响。结果 超声波辅助化学镀的镀层表面质量得到改善，孔隙率明显降低，沉积速率明显提高。沉积速率随功率和频率的增大而升高，其中超声波频率40 kHz、功率150 W的条件下镀速最高，为15 μm/h，与水浴条件下的8.2 μm/h相比提高了83%。镀层的硬度随超声波功率、频率的增大而提高，最高达到585 HV，比水浴条件下的468HV提高了25%。此外，超声波会改变镀层的P含量，提高镀层的结晶性。结论 超声波辅助可以提高化学镀的镀速，改善镀层的性能。在超声波频率为40 kHz、功率为150 W的条件下，镀层综合质量达到最佳，其抗腐蚀性能提高，最具实用性。

The work aims to improve efficiency of electroless plating and coating performance. The effects of different ultrasonic conditions on electroless plating of Ni-P alloy coating were studied provided with ultrasonic power of 90~150 W and frequency of 20 kHz and 40 kHz by using common chemical plating bath formula. The influence of ultrasonic power and frequency on properties of the plating was analyzed by virtue of such characterization methods as deposition rate, porosity, HV, XRD, Scanning Electron Microscope and EDS. Quality of the ultrasonic-assisted electroless plating surface improved, the porosity decreased significantly and the deposition rate increased greatly. The deposition rate increased as the power and frequency increased. The deposition rate was 15 μm/h, the highest provided with the ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz and power of 150 W, and 83% higher than that of water bath (8.2 μm/h). The hardness of the plating increased and could be up to 585HV as the ultrasonic power and frequency increased, 25% higher than that of water bath (468HV). In addition, ultrasonic could change P content of the plating and improve the crystallinity. The ultrasonic assisting can enhance electroless plating rate and improve the coating performance. Provided with the ultrasonic frequency of 40 kHz and power of 150 W, overall quality of the plating is the best, corrosion resistance is better and this process is most practical.