目的 研究铸铁缸套表面石墨含量对抗拉缸性能的影响规律。方法 基于贫油试验方法，对铸铁缸套表面石墨含量分别为0.18%、1.27%、2.13%、3.92%、4.66%、5.88%的铸铁缸套进行抗拉缸试验。试验过程记录抗拉缸时间，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察缸套的表面形貌并分析成分。结果 铸铁缸套表面露出石墨，可以有效延长其抗拉缸时间。随着表面石墨含量的增加，抗拉缸时间呈现先增加后降低的趋势。当表面石墨含量达到4.66%时，抗拉缸时间为8 h，为表面无石墨缸套的9.6倍。结论 铸铁缸套表面露出的石墨起到储油和固体润滑剂的作用，可以显著改善配对副的抗黏着性能；另一方面石墨作为软质相，含量过高时，缸套整体承载能力反而减弱，容易发生拉缸。

The work aims to study the influencing law of surface graphite content on cylinder scoring resistance of cast iron cylinder liner. Based on lean oil test, the cylinder scoring test was performed to the cast iron cylinder liners at different contents of surface graphite including 0.18%, 1.27%, 2.13%, 3.92%, 4.66% and 5.88% respectively. The cylinder scoring time was recorded during the test. Surface morphology was observed and composition of cylinder liner was analyzed by virtue of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Exposure of graphite on the surface of the cast iron cylinder liner could prolong the time of cylinder scoring. However, as the content of surface graphite increased, the cylinder scoring time first increased tendency and then decreased. When the content of surface graphite was 4.66%, the time of cylinder scoring was 8 h, 9.6 times of that without graphite coating. The graphite exposed on the surface of the cylinder liner plays an important role in oil storage and solid lubrication, improving the adhesion resistance of matched pair. On the other hand, as graphite in soft phase, overall carrying capability of the cylinder sleeve decreased and may be subject to cylinder scoring easily when the content of surface graphite increased.