目的 阿巴和加麻扎建筑是我国历史传说中的“香妃墓”，是维吾尔族建筑艺术的精华所在和主要载体，已历经多次维修。由于环境侵蚀，该建筑上装饰性釉面砖已出现不同程度的病害。本文对阿巴和加麻扎釉面砖的病害及形貌进行了研究，以期为丝绸之路新疆段麻扎建筑的保护、修复提供理论依据。方法 通过现场调研了解阿巴和加麻扎建筑现存釉面砖的病害状况，采用偏光显微镜（Polarizing microscope）对釉面砖样品进行表面和断面观察。结果 总结归纳了阿巴和加麻扎建筑釉面砖的病害类型，并观察到不同釉面砖样品表面和断面形貌的区别，推断出釉面砖样品不同时期的烧造工艺。结论 样品中3块蓝色釉面砖属于20世纪80年代后开发的二次低温快速烧成技术，而另外2块蓝色釉面砖和绿色釉面砖则采用20世纪90年代后开发的一次低温快速烧成技术。

Abakh Khoja Tomb, also known as "Xiangfei Tomb" in Chinese historical legends, is the essence and major carrier of Uygur architectural art, and it is subject to repeated repair. As a result of environmental erosion, the decorative glazed bricks of this building were subject to varying degree of damage. Damage and morphology of the glazed bricks of Abakh Khoja Tomb were investigated in order to provide theoretical basis for protecting and repairing mausoleum architecture of the Xinjiang section on the Silk Road. Damage condition of the existing glazed bricks of Abakh Khoja Tomb was understood through field investigation. Surface and cross section of the glazed brick samples were observed by using polarizing microscope. Types of damage present in the glazed bricks were summarized, the differences of the surface and cross-sectional morphology among several glazed brick samples were observed, and then the firing process of glazed brick samples during different periods was deduced. In these samples, 3 blue glazed bricks are fabricated by means of twice low temperature fast firing technology which developed after the 1980s, and the other 2 blue glazed bricks and the green glazed bricks are fabricated by means of once low-temperature fast firing technology which developed after the 1990s.