目的 粉状锈会严重危害青铜文物，研究青铜文物粉状锈表面性质对建立合理有效的防护方法具有重要的意义。方法 通过自组装技术，在染有粉状锈的青铜试片表面制备3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷和正辛基三乙氧基硅烷复合膜。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、扫描电镜和接触角测量仪，对复合膜表面的形貌特征和结构特点进行了表征和分析，利用电化学测试研究试片的耐腐蚀性能。结果 红外光谱及扫描电镜显示，在试片的粉状锈表面形成了良好的硅烷复合膜。经自组装后的试片表面具有超疏水性，接触角从86.3°提高到155.2°。水滴与试片表面的接触面中约91.3%是液/气界面，只有较少一部分液体与试片接触。自组装后，试片的耐腐蚀性显著提升，试片的自腐蚀电流密度Jcorr由2.58×10–2 mA/cm2降低到1.081×10–2 mA/cm2，缓蚀效率为95.81 %。结论 硅烷复合膜可以在试片的粉状锈表面形成一层保护膜，有效地隔绝试片与液体的接触，使其具有超疏水性，同时提高其耐腐蚀性。

The work aims to prove that the research on the surface properties of powdery rust of bronze relics has an important significance on building reasonable and effective protection methods as the powdery rust will cause serious damage to bronze relics. Through self-assembly technology, the 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTS) and n-octyltriethoxysilane (OS) composite film on the surface of bronze test piece contaminated with powdery rust was prepared. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and contact angle meter were used to characterize and analyze the surface morphology and structure features of composite film. And the electrochemical test was carried out to study the corrosion resistance of test piece. FTIR and SEM showed that the silane composite film was well formed on the powdery rust surface of the test piece. After self-assembled, the surface of test piece was super-hydrophobic, and the contact angle was increased from 86.3° to 155.2°. About 91.3% of the contact area between the water droplet and the test piece surface was the liquid/gas interface. Only a small part of liquid was in contact with the test piece. The anti-corrosion property of self-assembled test piece was greatly improved. The self-corrosion current density Jcorr of test piece was reduced from 2.58×10?2 mA/cm2 to 1.081×10?3 mA/cm2, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency reached 95.81%. The silane composite film could form a protective film on the powdery rust surface of the test piece, so as to isolate the contact between the test piece and the liquid effectively, thus making it super hydrophobic, and improving its corrosion resistance.