目的 通过石墨表面的原位接枝反应制备聚苯胺接枝改性石墨（GO-g-PANI）。方法 首先对鳞片石墨进行氧化，然后利用表面的羟基与硅烷偶联剂KH550反应在其表面引入胺基，进而接枝聚苯胺，制备聚苯胺接枝改性石墨（GO-g-PANI）。通过FTIR、SEM、四探针导体/半导体电阻率测试仪进行表征，并将其作为导电填料制备导电涂料。结果 在苯胺与石墨不同的比例下，产率都在92%以上，并且当石墨与苯胺质量比为3:1时，在石墨表面生长出针状聚苯胺，其形成的复合材料的电阻率最低，为12.8 Ω?mm。当此改性石墨在固膜含量为30%（质量分数）时涂料的综合性能最佳。结论 聚苯胺可以通过原位反应接到石墨上，并且能够改善氧化石墨的导电性能，在导电材料、电磁屏蔽材料方面具有潜在的应用前景。

Objective To prepare polyaniline modified graphite (GO-g-PANI) through the in situ grafting reaction onto graphite surface. Methods Firstly the flake graphite was oxidized. Then amino group was introduced by reaction between hydroxy and silane coupling agent (KH550). The products were characterized by FTIR, SEM and resistivity tester and was used as conductive filler to prepare conductive coatings. Results The grafting yields were all over 92% under different proportions between aniline and graphite. When the weight ratio of graphite and aniline was 3∶1, needle polyaniline was formed on the graphite surface, and the resistivity value of the formed composite material reached the lowest value 12.8 Ω?mm. When the content of the modified graphite was 30%, the comprehensive performance of the coating was the best. Conclusion Polyaniline can graft onto graphite by the in situ reaction, and can improve the conductive properties of graphite oxide, and has potential applications in conductive materials and electromagnetic shielding materials.