目的 利用数值模拟方法研究具有分形特征的方形织构在全膜润滑条件下的摩擦学性能。方法 采用三维建模软件Solidworks 建立了具有分形特征的织构表面模型，通过计算流体力学软件Fluent，详细计算分析了织构深度、尺度及相对滑动速度等参数对摩擦系数和动压承载能力的影响，并对分形织构和等面积比的规则阵列织构表面进行了对比研究。结果 增加分形织构的深度能小幅度地减小表面摩擦系数，而缩小织构的尺度则可以明显降低表面的摩擦系数，织构表面的压力系数正比于织构尺度和相对滑动速度，反比于织构深度。分形织构和规则阵列织构的对比研究发现，相同面积比条件下二者的摩擦系数基本一致，而分形织构在承载能力上明显优于规则阵列织构。结论 在材料表面设计具有分形特征的织构能有效地改善摩擦副表面的滑动摩擦性能，为表面减摩织构设计提供了一种新思路。

Objective To study the tribological property of textured surface with fractal characteristics under full film lubrication conditions by numerical simulation method. Methods The model of surface texture with fractal characteristics was built by SolidWorks. The effect of depth, scale and sliding velocity on friction coefficient and load-carrying capacity were analyzed in detail by computational fluid dynamics Fluent. And then the results of fractal textures and regular array textures were compared. Results The results showed that the coefficient of friction was reduced slightly as the depth increased, but reduced significantly with the scale of texture unit. The pressure coefficient of surface was proportional to the scale and sliding velocity and inversely proportional to the depth of texture. The friction coefficient of fractal texture and regular array texture were nearly coincident for the same area ratio, but the load-carrying capacity of fractal texture was superior to that of regular array texture. Conclusion The fractal texture arranged on the surface of material can improve the tribological properties of friction pair and provide a novel idea to design anti-friction textured surface.