目的 改善流体机械部件的耐冲蚀磨损性能。方法 采用超音速等离子喷涂（Supersonic Plasma Spraying）系统制备NiCr-Cr3C2涂层，通过X射线衍射仪（XRD）分析了喷涂粉末和涂层的物相结构。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）及配套的能谱分析仪（EDS）观察和分析了涂层的微观形貌及化学成分。采用透射电子显微镜（TEM）从超微观角度分析了涂层的晶粒结构。采用Image J2x孔隙率计算软件测定了涂层的孔隙率。采用显微硬度仪、纳米压痕仪及万能拉伸试验机分别测定了涂层的显微硬度、弹性模量和结合强度。采用动载磨料试验机进行了冲蚀试验，冲蚀角度为90°，砂浆比为5:8，冲蚀时间为3 h。结果 获得的超音速等离子喷涂NiCr-Cr3C2涂层主要含有NiCr、Cr3C2、Cr7C3等物相，至少含有单晶、纳米晶、过渡区三个区域。涂层的显微硬度值为911HV0.3，约为基体的3倍，孔隙率为1.4%，结合强度为66 MPa，弹性模量为215.3 GPa。在90°攻角下，涂层的冲蚀磨损失效以疲劳剥落磨损为主。结论 用超音速等离子喷涂系统在基体表面制备的NiCr-Cr3C2涂层具有较好的耐冲蚀磨损性能。

Objective To improve the erosion wear resistance of fluid mechanical components. Methods NiCr-Cr3C2 coatings were deposited by supersonic plasma spraying system. The phase structure of the powders and coatings were analyzed by XRD. The microstructure and chemical component were observed and analyzed by SEM and EDS. The grain structure was examined by TEM. The porosity was determined by Image J2x porosity calculation software. The microhardness, elastic modulus and bonding strength were also respectively tested by microhardness tester, NANOVEA and universal tensile tester. The erosion test was done by the dynamic load abrasive testing machine, with the erosion Angle at 90°, sands-cement ratio at 5:8, and erosion time 3 h. Results The main phase structure of NiCr-Cr3C2 coatings were NiCr, Cr3C2 and Cr7C3. The grain structure were composed of crystal, nanocrystalline, and transition zones. The microhardness of the coatings was 911HV0.3, about 3 times of the substrate, and the porosity was 1.4%, the bonding strength was 66 MPa, and the elastic modulus was 215.3 GPa. The main erosion mechanism of NiCr-Cr3C2 coatings was fatigue spalling at 90° attack angle. Conclusion The NiCr-Cr3C2 coatings deposited by supersonic plasma spraying system perform good erosion wear resistance.