目的 制备并评测一种能耐高温的油田用酸化缓蚀剂。方法 用氟碳咪唑啉季铵盐为主剂制备高温酸化缓蚀剂。在模拟高温酸化条件下，通过失重法、电化学法评测缓蚀剂对N80钢的缓蚀性能。通过热重差热法和表面张力法评测主剂氟碳咪唑啉季铵盐的热稳定性和化学稳定性。结果 通过失重法评测，在添加缓蚀剂后，N80钢试片的腐蚀速率远低于行业标准SYT 5405—1996中对缓蚀剂评价的一级指标。通过电化学法评测，添加缓蚀剂后，极化曲线中电极腐蚀电位正移，腐蚀电流减小趋势明显；阻抗图谱中容抗弧的半圆直径显著增大，对应的膜电阻Rp显著增大，抑制了腐蚀反应的电荷传递过程。两者均显示缓蚀剂在盐酸溶液中有良好的缓蚀性能，与失重法试验结果一致。热重差热显示，氟碳咪唑啉季铵盐在220 ℃开始分解，至400 ℃基本分解完毕。表面张力评测显示，氟碳咪唑啉季铵盐在10%～25%（质量分数）盐酸溶液中10 h之内的表面活性稳定。结论 该含氟高温酸化缓蚀剂在90～140 ℃下，可使酸化过程中盐酸对N80钢的腐蚀速率明显降低。

Objective To prepare and evaluate a fluorine-containing corrosion inhibitor of high temperature acidification. Methods Corrosion inhibitor of high temperature acidification was prepared with fluorocarbon imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt as main component. The corrosion inhibitor performance of N80 steel was evaluated by weight loss method and electrochemical method in high temperature acidification condition. Thermostability and chemicalstability of fluorocarbon imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt were evaluated by TG/DTA and surface tension method. Results The result of weight loss evaluation showed that the corrosion rate was far below the level one standard of SYT 5405—1996 after corrosion inhibitor was added to N80 steel. In electrochemical test, polarization curve showed corrosion potential of electrode shifted positively, and the corrosion current was significantly lowered. EIS spectras showed the semicircle diameter of capacitance loop increased significantly, corresponding film resistance Rp was obviously magnified and suppressed the charge transfer of corrosion. Both electrochemical test and weight loss method proved the sound performance of the corrosion inhibitor in HCl solution, which was consistent with the result of weight loss method. The result of TG/DTA test showed fluorocarbon imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt started to be decomposed at 220 ℃, and completely decomposed at 400 ℃. The result of surface tension test showed the surface activity of fluorocarbon imidazoline quaternary ammonium salt was stable in 10%～25% HCl solution within 10 h. Conclusion The fluorine-containing corrosion inhibitor of high temperature acidification can effectively lower the corrosion of N80 steel in HCl at 90～140 ℃.