目的 解决贵州开磷息烽合成氨有限责任公司压缩机级间换热器的结焦问题。方法 采用超声清洗，选取OP-10、AEO、平平加和TX-10四种非离子表面活性剂和AES、十二烷基磺酸钠两种阴离子表面活性剂作为主剂，将各种主剂配置成浓度为10 g/l的溶液，在温度为30℃条件下对样管超声清洗，研究对比各试剂的清焦能力，并对其进行筛选与复配。同理，将氢氧化钠、碳酸氢钠、磷酸钠和碳酸钠四种碱性助剂配制成10 g/l 的溶液，取同等质量的焦垢，通过对溶解后剩余焦垢量的称量计算其对焦垢的溶解率。结果 非离子表面活性剂清焦能力：OP-10＞AEO＞平平加＞TX-10；阴离子表面活性剂清焦能力：AES＞十二烷基磺酸钠。且超声清洗最佳时间为10 h。碱性助剂的溶焦能力：氢氧化钠（13.2%）＞碳酸氢钠(12.5%)＞磷酸钠(9.9%)＞碳酸钠(9.6%)。结论 通过筛选和复配，OP-10和十二烷基磺酸钠作为清洗剂主剂、氢氧化钠为碱性助剂时进行超声清洗的效果较好。

Abstract: Objective Solve compressor stage heat exchanger coking in Guizhou Kailin Co. Ltd., Methods Using the ultrasonic cleaning method, selecting OP-10, AEO, peregal and TX-10 non-ionic surfactants and AES and sodium dodecyl sulfate anionic surfactant as a main agent, make various main agent configur to 10 g / l solution, comparative and study of the coke cleaning capacity of different agents under the temperature is 30 ℃ when ultrasonic cleaning.At the same time, make sodium hydroxide、 sodium bicarbonate、 Sodium and Sodium carbonate configur to 10 g / l solution, examine their ability to sol the coke. Results The coke cleaning capacity of Non-ionic surfactants: OP-10> AEO> peregal> TX-10; Anionic surfactants decoking capacity: AES> sodium dodecyl sulfate. And the best time is 10h under ultrasonic cleaning. Alkaline additives dissolved coke capacity: sodium hydroxide（13.2%）> sodium bicarbonate（12.5%）> Sodium（9.9%）> Sodium carbonate（9.6%）. Conclusion By complexed, it’s the best to subject to ultrasonic cleaning when OP-10 and sodium dodecyl sulfate as a cleaning agent main agent, sodium hydroxide as alkaline additives.