目的 通过冷颜料降低目标的表面温度,起到红外隐身的作用。 方法 采用 XRD 衍射仪和紫外/ 可见光/ 近红外分光光度计等,分析颜料的相结构及近红外光谱特性。 采用红外辐射率测量仪、紫外 /可见光 / 近红外分光光度计和红外灯模拟太阳光照射,分析涂层的红外发射率及反射隔热性能。 结果与炭黑颜料相比,铁铬黑颜料的近红外平均反射率为 57% ,且反射光谱与叶绿素基本一致;当填料质量分数为 10% 时,铁铬黑涂层的近红外反射率最大,平均反射率为 39. 2% ,红外发射率为 0. 91;20% (质量分数)炭黑涂层和 10% (质量分数)铁铬黑涂层相比,铁铬黑涂层的反射隔热效果明显,其平衡温度较普通炭黑涂层低 8. 8 ℃ 。 结论 红外隐身材料应考虑颜料对涂层红外发射率的影响,在满足涂层颜色的条件下尽量控制颜料的添加量,实际应用中以颜料添加 10% (质量分数)为宜,在满足涂层反射隔热要求的同时,保证了涂层的红外发射率。

Objective To explore the application of cold pigments in the infrared stealth coatings and reduce the surface temperature so as to achieve infrared stealth. Methods XRD diffraction and ultraviolet/ visible/ near infrared spectrophotometer were used to analyze the phase structure and the near infrared spectral characteristics of pigments. The infrared emissivity measurement instrument, the ultraviolet/ visible/ near infrared spectrophotometer and the infrared lamp simulating sunlight experiment were applied to analyze the infrared emissivity of coatings and the properties of reflectance in heat insulation. Results Compared with the C black pigments, FeCr black pigments had excellent NIR reflectance, its average NIR reflectance was 57% and its reflectance spectral was in accordance with chlorophyll. When the filler content was 10% , FeCr coatings had the best NIR reflectance, which was 39. 2% , and the infrared emissivity was 0. 91. Compared with 20% C coatings and 10% FeCr coatings, the reflection effect of FeCr coatings was obvious and the equilibrium temperature was 8. 8 ℃ lower than C coatings. Conclusion Considering the infrared emissivity of pigments and the need of the color, the content of pigments should be controlled. It was advisable to add 10% mass fraction of pigments to meet the requirements of reflective insulation property and the infrared emissivity. Therefore, cold pigment has a certain practical application value and significance.