| WANG Ruiyang,XU Minheng,PENG Zhenzhen,WANG Liwei,LIU Hongwei,WANG Dianlong,LIANG Zhimin.Research Progress on Laser Cleaning Mechanism of Aluminum Alloy Surface Oxide[J],53(15):21-33 |
| Research Progress on Laser Cleaning Mechanism of Aluminum Alloy Surface Oxide |
| Received:October 06, 2023 Revised:January 03, 2024 |
| View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.15.002 |
| KeyWord:laser cleaning aluminum alloy oxide layer cleaning mechanism energy density |
| Author | Institution |
| WANG Ruiyang |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang , China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology, Shijiazhuang , China |
| XU Minheng |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang , China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology, Shijiazhuang , China |
| PENG Zhenzhen |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang , China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology, Shijiazhuang , China |
| WANG Liwei |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang , China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology, Shijiazhuang , China |
| LIU Hongwei |
Institute of Remanufacturing Industry Technology, Jing-Jin-Ji, Hebei Cangzhou , China |
| WANG Dianlong |
College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Hebei Qinhuangdao , China |
| LIANG Zhimin |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang , China;Hebei Key Laboratory of Material Near-net Forming Technology, Shijiazhuang , China |
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| Abstract: |
| Laser cleaning, as an emerging cleaning technology in the 21st century, with its unique advantages of high precision, environmental protection and energy conservation, can quickly and efficiently remove contaminants from the surface of the substrate, which largely meets the requirements of current sustainable development. Considering that the energy density formula covers most important laser parameters such as laser power, laser frequency, and spot diameter, the mechanism of laser removal of aluminum alloy surface oxide layer was summarized with laser energy density as a variable, and the relationship between laser cleaning mechanism and application was explained. Based on different energy densities, the mechanism of laser cleaning of aluminum alloy surface oxide layer was summarized as follows:thermal mechanical expansion, melting and evaporation, phase explosion, evaporation pressure shock, and plasma impact. Each mechanism was explained by listing a large number of phenomena. At the same time, it should be noted that many scholars often used the "thermal ablation" mechanism to explain the removal mechanism under low energy density. However, as research deepened, the removal processes involved in this mechanism were constantly revealed. Therefore, it was specifically pointed out that the traditional cleaning mechanism of "thermal ablation" should be used to describe a cleaning phenomenon, and the removal mechanism involved needed further exploration. The commonly used methods in current mechanism research was introduced. When studying the mechanism of laser cleaning of the oxide layer on the surface of aluminum alloys both domestically and internationally, high-speed cameras were often used to study the sputtering phenomenon during the cleaning process or observe the surface morphology after laser treatment. Targeted mechanisms were proposed, or thermodynamic models were constructed to further explain the changes in the temperature field during the process, so as to help explain the mechanism. The surface quality changes of aluminum alloys under different laser cleaning mechanisms were presented. With the increase of laser energy, the roughness tended to decrease and then increase, and the ablation craters were also generated gradually to the occurrence of fragmentation. At the same time, the relationship between different cleaning mechanisms and applications, as well as their impact on surface hardness, corrosion resistance, etc., were introduced. Existing literature indicated that under the action of lasers with different energy densities, the surface of the substrate often exhibited different cleaning marks. In practical applications, laser cleaning could not only clean the surface oxide layer, but also improve the performance of the substrate surface. Therefore, when studying the mechanism, it was necessary to select the appropriate energy density according to the actual application. By summarizing the relationship between mechanism and application, it was expected to provide guidance for the application of laser cleaning in aluminum alloys. At the same time, the thermal coupling processes involved in the laser action process were introduced, such as temperature field, electromagnetic field, etc., as well as the influence of tensile stress caused by different interface acoustic impedance on the cleaning process. When studying the laser action process, attention should also be paid to these coupling effects. Finally, a summary and explanation of the progress of laser cleaning were provided, while pointing out some limiting factors encountered in the current research process, such as the complexity of mechanism research and the limitations of equipment. With further improvements in future observation methods and continuous changes in thermodynamic models, the mechanism of laser cleaning is expected to be completely broken through. At that time, the industrialization and specialization of laser cleaning technology can be effectively achieved by controlling parameters, and the cleaning materials and cleaning field can also be greatly expanded. |
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