| GUO Zeng-lei,LI Min,WANG Shu-feng,CHI Jing,CHEN Lin-lin,LIANG Bin,XUE Jun-xian,DU Zhong-peng,GUO Zhi-xin.Research Review on Surface Antifriction Methods of Metals[J],52(10):20-31 |
| Research Review on Surface Antifriction Methods of Metals |
| Received:August 20, 2022 Revised:January 09, 2023 |
| View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.10.002 |
| KeyWord:chemical antifriction physical antifriction self-lubricating coating in-situ synthesis gradient nanostructure surface texture preparation techniques |
| Author | Institution |
| GUO Zeng-lei |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| LI Min |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| WANG Shu-feng |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| CHI Jing |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| CHEN Lin-lin |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| LIANG Bin |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| XUE Jun-xian |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| DU Zhong-peng |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| GUO Zhi-xin |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
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| Abstract: |
| In rail transit, aerospace, mining and other industries, metals are the raw materials with serious loss, and wear failure is one of the main failure forms of metal materials. Therefore, reducing the surface wear of materials has always been the research focus in the field of metal modification. Based on various friction theories, the work aims to explain how to improve the antifriction of metal surface from different angles, such as adhesion theory, design characteristics of lubricating phase, behavior of lubricating films, changes of stress and roughness, etc. According to the change of physical and chemical properties, two common forms of surface antifriction were summarized:chemical antifriction and physical antifriction. Chemical antifriction was expounded from self-lubricating coating. The classification of self-lubricating systems was detailed, such as compounds with layered structures like MoS2 and Fe, Co, Ni metal-based composite systems. The antifriction mechanism of coating during the formation of lubricating film was studied from the angle of view of adhesive friction. Antifriction methods of direct addition and in-situ synthesis were introduced. The origin and development of in-situ reactions were explored, and synthesis technologies such as self-propagating high temperature synthesis were introduced. Four methods of preparing self-lubricating coatings were shown, and their research progress, advantages and disadvantages were also introduced:research results of cold spraying and thermal spraying, and improvement of bonding strength. Scholars prepared near- hypersynovial membrane by vapor deposition. In-situ reaction and nano-modification in micro-arc oxidation were introduced. The coating of high energy beam cladding had good molding quality and was widely used in engineering applications. Future development should be reflected in new lubricating systems and technical cooperation. Gradient nanostructure and surface texture in physical antifriction are the current research hotspots. Compared with nanomaterials and coarse-grained materials, the gradient nanostructures have excellent mechanical properties and a combination of strength and toughness. The deformation mechanism of the gradient structure is studied by exploring the changes of brittle friction layer and stress-strain in the friction process. The main techniques for the preparation of gradient nanomaterials are self nanocrystallization and non-self nanocrystallization. The techniques of surface mechanical attrition treatment and laser shocking in self-nanocrystallization are introduced, and it is pointed out that the in-situ endogenous and gradient nanostructure should be combined to stabilize the organization structure in the future. Surface texture reduces friction by different texture structures. In different frictional states, it has the functions of oil storage, abrasive dust collection and hydrodynamic lubrication. Different texture shape parameters also have certain effect on the antifriction. The commonly used preparation methods are laser etching, chemical milling, etc. The intelligent texture system of surface texture should be developed by bionics, so as to expand its applications in sports training and other fields. The theoretical research, stability and application of technology are reviewed. The future development direction of metal surface antifriction is pointed out:tracing the origin of friction from multiple scales and perfecting the theories, exploring how to prolong the antifriction time by in-situ synthesis and microstructure activities, expanding the optimization of multicomponent systems and processes, and making the metal antifriction develop in the direction of economy and practicality. |
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