| LI Qi,LI Xiao-yun,WEI Na,GONG Li-ke,LI Meng-han,CUI Hong-zhi.Design of Porous Ni/CNT/Ni3S2 Composite Film System for Solar Desalination[J],52(4):354-362, 398 |
| Design of Porous Ni/CNT/Ni3S2 Composite Film System for Solar Desalination |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.04.031 |
| KeyWord:composites thin films solar energy interfacial evaporation desalination |
| Author | Institution |
| LI Qi |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| LI Xiao-yun |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| WEI Na |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| GONG Li-ke |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| LI Meng-han |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China |
| CUI Hong-zhi |
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Shandong Qingdao , China;School of Materials Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Shandong Qingdao , China |
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| Abstract: |
| The shortage of fresh water resources has become one of the most serious global challenges faced by human beings in the 21st century. The interface solar desalination technology has received extensive attention due to its advantages of energy saving and environmental protection. By virtue of photothermal materials, interface solar desalination absorbs solar energy and converts it into thermal energy, which is heated at the air-water interface and condensed by steam to produce clean drinking water from polluted water. Well research progress has been made in carbon materials such as carbon nanotube, but the high thermal conductivity of CNT will cause a large heat loss. Through designing the combination of CNT and other materials, better water evaporation performance can be achieved. CNT was grown by chemical vapor deposition (CVD). The quartz boat with porous Ni mesh was placed in a tube furnace, heated to 860 ℃ under N2 atmosphere, and the mixed solution of acetonitrile and ferrocene was injected for 40 min to obtain Ni/CNT. 1.45 g Ni(NO3)2 6H2O and 0.16 g thiourea were dissolved in 30 mL deionized water to obtain a homogeneous solution. The Ni/CNT and the uniform solution were placed in a 50 mL Teflon lined stainless steel autoclave, and maintained at 120 ℃ in an oven for 8, 10, 12, and 16 h, respectively. After drying, Ni/CNT/Ni3S2 was obtained. The surface morphologies and structure of samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The phase composition and surface elements of samples were recorded by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). UV-Vis-NIR spectroscopy was used to analyze the light absorption capacity of solar evaporator and electronic balance was used to record the evaporation of seawater. The change of ion concentration before and after seawater desalination was measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer (ICP-OES). Ni/CNT/Ni3S2 composite film was successfully prepared by CVD and hydrothermal synthesis on porous Ni mesh, and solar evaporator was constructed. CNTs were bent and wound on the porous Ni mesh, and Ni3S2 was uniformly coated on the CNTs. The best hydrothermal time for Ni3S2 preparation was 12 h. Porous Ni substrate has macroporous structure, which can not only float on the water surface to achieve interfacial heating, but also provide water transport channel and steam escape channel, with good corrosion resistance and mechanical strength. CNT and Ni3S2 have excellent photothermal conversion capacity. The Ni/CNT/Ni3S2-12 solar evaporator can absorb 90.1% sunlight in the whole solar spectrum. Under the illumination intensity of one sunlight, the evaporation rate of Ni/CNT/Ni3S2-12 solar evaporator is as high as 2.57 kg.m–2.h–1. The Ni/CNT/Ni3S2-12 solar evaporator can still maintain a high evaporation rate during the 48 h cycle, showing good cycle stability and it also has a good evaporation effect in different mass fractions of salt solutions. The concentration of ions in desalinated seawater and sewage reaches the World Health Organization's (WHO) standard for safe drinking water, indicating that the Ni/CNT/Ni3S2-12 solar evaporator has great potential in practical application of desalination. |
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