| YAN De-feng,LIU Zi-ai,PAN Wei-hao,ZHAO Dan-yang,SONG Jin-long.Research Status on the Fabrication and Application of Multifunctional Superhydrophobic Surfaces[J],50(5):1-19 |
| Research Status on the Fabrication and Application of Multifunctional Superhydrophobic Surfaces |
| Received:October 31, 2020 Revised:March 24, 2021 |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2021.05.001 |
| KeyWord:superhydrophobic surfaces micro/nano rough structures low surface energy fabrication methods multifunctional applications |
| Author | Institution |
| YAN De-feng |
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian , China |
| LIU Zi-ai |
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian , China |
| PAN Wei-hao |
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian , China |
| ZHAO Dan-yang |
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian , China |
| SONG Jin-long |
Dalian University of Technology, Dalian , China |
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| Abstract: |
| The upper surface of the lotus leaf is a typical superhydrophobic surface in nature world, which has the special characteristic of self-cleaning. In recent years, the superhydrophobic phenomenon on the upper surface of the lotus leaf has aroused much attention of researchers. The superhydrophobic surfaces can be obtained by constructing the mircro/nano rough structures and modification of low surface energy. Researchers found that when a water droplet is placed on the superhydrophobic surfaces, the physical barrier of air cushion is formed between a water droplet and the superhydrophobic surfaces. The air cushion can effectively reduce the contact area of water droplets with the superhydrophobic surfaces, so that the water droplet cannot be immersed in the micro/nano rough structures of superhydrophobic surfaces and is supported on the superhydrophobic surfaces, therefore the superhydrophobic surface shows special properties of waterproof. In the past few decades, researchers found that the superhydrophobic surfaces had practical application value and far-reaching prospect. This paper reviews the basic principles of superhydrophobic surfaces and the recent research achievements in the superhydrophobic fields. First of all, the classical wetting models of superhydrophobic surfaces are introduced, including the Young model, the Wenzel model and the Cassie-Baxter model. Then, the basic methods of preparing superhydrophobic surfaces are summarized, such as laser etching, chemical deposition, chemical etching, electrochemical deposition, electrochemical etching, thermal oxidation, ect. In addition, the applications of superhydrophobic surfaces, such as self-cleaning, anti-fogging, anti-icing, corrosion resistance, lossless transport of liquid, oil-water separation, triboelectric nanogenerator, lab-on-a-chip, and droplet sensor is discussed based on the analysis of different manufacturing methods. Finally, the problems needed to be resolved from the laboratory research to the industrial application of the superhydrophobic surfaces are pointed out, and the urgently demanded research focus and promising development trend of this field are prospected. |
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