刘为东,刘少博,王志平,赵永华.金属表面积碳射流电解等离子体清除技术工艺研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(10):173-184.
LIU Weidong,LIU Shaobo,WANG Zhiping,ZHAO Yonghua.Investigation of Jet Electrolytic Plasma Process for Removing Carbon Deposits on Metal Surfaces[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(10):173-184 |
| 金属表面积碳射流电解等离子体清除技术工艺研究 |
| Investigation of Jet Electrolytic Plasma Process for Removing Carbon Deposits on Metal Surfaces |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-19 修订日期：2024-11-14 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.10.014 |
| 中文关键词: 积碳 表面清洗 电解液射流 电解等离子体 工艺规律 |
| 英文关键词:carbon deposits surface cleaning electrolyte jet electrolytic plasma process principles |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目(52205504);天津市教委科研计划项目(2021KJ040) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 刘为东 | 中国民航大学 航空工程学院，天津 300300 |
| 刘少博 | 中国民航大学 航空工程学院，天津 300300 |
| 王志平 | 中国民航大学 航空工程学院，天津 300300 |
| 赵永华 | 南方科技大学 机械与能源工程系，广东 深圳 518055 |
|
| Author | Institution |
| LIU Weidong | College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China |
| LIU Shaobo | College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China |
| WANG Zhiping | College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China |
| ZHAO Yonghua | Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Shenzhen 518055, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 针对金属零部件表面积碳高品质清理难题，提出射流电解等离子体清除新方法，建立射流电解等离子体清除积碳的工艺规律。方法 基于电流波形和射流放电状态观测，研究工艺参数对射流电解等离子体激发状态的影响，确立激发边界条件。通过轮廓仪和扫描电子显微镜表征射流电解等离子作用区域的截面轮廓与表面形貌，研究工艺参数对基体材料尺寸损失和表面损伤的影响。借助ImageJ软件分析积碳清除率，探究工艺参数对积碳清除率的影响。结果 增加电压和电解液温度，减小电解液流速和电极间隙，有利于射流电解等离子体稳定激发。通过工艺参数调控，射流电解等离子体存在离散等离子体和连续等离子体2种状态。受不同状态射流电解等离子体作用，基体材料尺寸损失和表面损伤存在差异。增加电压、降低流速和电极间隙有利于增强射流电解等离子体的热效应和化学效应，减少基体材料尺寸丢失，但造成基体材料表面粗糙度增加;反之，电化学溶解作用增强，造成显著的材料尺寸丢失，但有利于形成低损伤表面。增加电压和减小电极间隙可有效提高积碳清除率，而电解液流速变化对积碳清除率影响较小。在电压600 V、电解液流速225 mL/min、电极间隙6 mm和电解液温度90 ℃的最优工艺参数下，积碳清除率接近100%，清除速率接近1 cm2/min。结论 射流电解等离子体技术在保证基体材料低损伤的情况下，能够高效率、高彻底性、高柔性地清除金属表面积碳。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To address the challenge of high-quality removal of carbon deposits on metal surfaces, this study proposes a novel jet electrolytic plasma removal method and establishes the process characteristics of jet electrolytic plasma removal of carbon deposits. The effects of various parameters, including voltage, electrolyte flow rate, electrode gap, and electrolyte temperature, on the induced state of the jet electrolytic plasma are studied based on the observation of current waveforms and the discharge state of the jet. Accordingly, the boundary conditions necessary for igniting jet electrolytic plasma can be determined and established. The cross-sectional profile and surface morphology of the areas that are affected by the jet electrolytic plasma are characterized with a profilometer and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). As such, the process parameters effects on the dimensional loss and surface damage of substrate materials are studied. Additionally, ImageJ software is employed to analyze the carbon deposits removal rate achieved by jet electrolytic plasma, which further helps in exploring how different process parameters can impact the efficiency of carbon deposits removal rates. According to the experimental results, the stable excitation of the jet electrolytic plasma benefits from the increase in the voltage and electrolyte temperature, and the decrease in the electrolyte flow rate and electrode gap. Through the regulation of process parameters, two distinct states are observed in the jet electrolytic plasma. These are, respectively, the discrete plasma state and the continuous plasma state. The differences in dimensional loss and surface damage of substrate materials are caused by the effects of jet electrolytic plasma in different states. Increasing the voltage, reducing the flow rate, and decreasing the electrode gap are favorable for enhancing the thermal and chemical effects of the jet electrolytic plasma and reducing the dimensional loss of substrate materials. However, this results in an increase in the surface roughness of the substrate material. Conversely, decreasing the voltage, increasing the flow rate, and increasing the electrode gap will enhance the electrochemical dissolution effect of the jet electrolytic plasma and result in dimensional loss of the substrate material. However, it is conducive to the formation of low-damage surfaces. The key parameters affecting the carbon deposits removal rate in jet electrolytic plasma are voltage and electrode gap. Increasing the voltage and reducing the electrode gap can effectively improve the carbon deposits removal rate. However, the carbon deposits removal rate is less affected by changes of the electrolyte flow rate. Under the optimum process parameters of voltage 600 V, electrolyte flow rate 225 mL/min, electrode gap 6 mm and electrolyte temperature 90 ℃, the removal rate of carbon deposits on the metal surface is close to 100% and the removal rate is close to 1 cm2/min. In summary, according to the experimental results observed, Jet electrolytic plasma technology can remove carbon deposits on metal surfaces with high efficiency, thoroughness and flexibility while ensuring low damage to the substrate material. |
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