许方园,朱刚贤,何名杭,李加强,张星.丝粉混合定向能量沉积的研究现状[J].表面技术,2025,54(10):13-31.
XU Fangyuan,ZHU Gangxian,HE Minghang,LI Jiaqiang,ZHANG Xing.Research Status of Wire-powder Hybrid Directed Energy Deposition[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(10):13-31 |
| 丝粉混合定向能量沉积的研究现状 |
| Research Status of Wire-powder Hybrid Directed Energy Deposition |
| 投稿时间：2024-11-07 修订日期：2025-01-18 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.10.002 |
| 中文关键词: 定向能量沉积 丝粉混合 送料方式 多材料 研究进展 |
| 英文关键词:directed energy deposition wire-powder hybrid feeding method multi-material research progress |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52475523，52105387，52405399);苏州市科技计划项目(SYC2022143) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 许方园 | 苏州大学 机电工程学院，江苏 苏州 215137 |
| 朱刚贤 | 苏州大学 机电工程学院，江苏 苏州 215137 |
| 何名杭 | 苏州大学 机电工程学院，江苏 苏州 215137 |
| 李加强 | 苏州大学 机电工程学院，江苏 苏州 215137 |
| 张星 | 苏州大学 机电工程学院，江苏 苏州 215137 |
|
| Author | Institution |
| XU Fangyuan | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215137, China |
| ZHU Gangxian | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215137, China |
| HE Minghang | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215137, China |
| LI Jiaqiang | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215137, China |
| ZHANG Xing | School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Soochow University, Jiangsu Suzhou 215137, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着产品功能需求的日益复杂，单材料部件已难以满足需求，这推动了采用多元材料组合以拓宽零件功能边界的丝粉混合定向能量沉积(Wire-Powder Hybrid Directed Energy Deposition，WP-DED)技术的发展。然而，对WP-DED成形工艺的全面理解仍显不足，尤其是对其技术瓶颈和潜在问题的认知缺失，阻碍了该技术的进一步创新与广泛应用。鉴于此，深入探讨了WP-DED技术的核心运行机制，将其按送料方式分为双侧向送料、粉同轴与丝侧向送料、丝同轴与粉侧向送料和丝粉同轴送料4类，并系统性地梳理和归纳了这些多元化的材料输送机制。同时，回顾了WP-DED技术的演进历程与研究进展，详细阐述了4种送料方式WP-DED技术的演变、优劣对比、工艺探索以及沉积层组织与性能的研究等，旨在为读者提供清晰的技术发展脉络。此外，还指出了WP-DED技术在实践应用中面临的关键技术难题，如熔池流动控制、热历史管理、颗粒分布优化等，为后续科研与工程实践提供了明确方向。最后，展望了WP-DED技术的未来发展趋势，涉及材料开发、机制探索、过程优化和技术创新等方面，旨在激发更多关于该技术的创新思考与实际应用探索。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As one of the iconic and commonly used technologies in the field of metal additive manufacturing, Directed Energy Deposition (DED) technology mainly focuses on using a single material source such as powder or wire in its traditional operating mode. Given the continuous improvement of performance standards for metal components in the current industry, relying solely on single material manufacturing of components is no longer sufficient to fully meet the increasingly complex functional requirements of specific products. In this context, the strategy of using multiple material combinations to broaden the functional boundaries of parts has shown great potential in addressing the complex challenges of advanced engineering systems, thus giving rise to the emergence of Wire-powder Hybrid Directed Energy Deposition (WP-DED) technology. Compared with the traditional single feed DED process, WP-DED technology, with its more optimized thermal mass coupling effect and unique microstructure of the deposition layer, has achieved significant improvement in deposition efficiency and excellent mechanical properties, opening up new possibilities and challenges for the field of metal material manufacturing and repair. However, the comprehensive understanding of WP-DED forming process in the current academic and industrial circles is still insufficient, especially the lack of recognition of its technical bottlenecks and potential problems, which has become the main obstacle to further innovation and widespread application of this technology. In view of this, the work aims to explore the core operating mechanism of WP-DED technology, which is divided into four categories according to the feeding method, including double-sided feeding, powder coaxial wire lateral feeding, wire coaxial powder lateral feeding, and wire-powder coaxial feeding. These diversified material conveying mechanisms are systematically sorted and summarized. At the same time, the evolution and research progress of WP-DED technology are reviewed, and the evolution, advantages and disadvantages, process exploration, and study of sedimentary layer structure and properties of four feeding methods of WP-DED technology are elaborated in detail, aiming to provide readers with a clear technological development context. In addition, the key technical challenges faced by WP-DED technology in practical applications are also pointed out, such as melt flow control, thermal history management, particle distribution optimization, etc., providing clear directions for subsequent scientific research and engineering practice. Finally, the future development trends of WP-DED technology are prospected, involving material development, mechanism exploration, process optimization, and technological innovation, aiming to stimulate more innovative thinking and practical application exploration about this technology. |
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