刘文荣,胡怡宁,陈思宇,王涛.纳米TiN强化钛合金微观组织及耐腐蚀性能研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(8):126-135.
LIU Wenrong,HU Yining,CHEN Siyu,WANG Tao.Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Titanium Alloy Reinforced with Nano-TiN[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(8):126-135 |
| 纳米TiN强化钛合金微观组织及耐腐蚀性能研究 |
| Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Titanium Alloy Reinforced with Nano-TiN |
| 投稿时间：2024-06-20 修订日期：2024-11-29 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.08.011 |
| 中文关键词: 激光定向能量沉积 电化学腐蚀 纳米TiN TC4合金 微观组织 腐蚀行为 |
| 英文关键词:laser directed energy deposition electrochemical corrosion nano-TiN TC4 alloy microstructure corrosion behavior |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(52172360);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(3122023PY09) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 刘文荣 | 青岛工学院 信息工程学院，山东 青岛 266300 |
| 胡怡宁 | 中国民航大学 航空工程学院，天津 300300 |
| 陈思宇 | 中国民航大学 航空工程学院，天津 300300 |
| 王涛 | 中国民航大学 航空工程学院，天津 300300 |
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| Author | Institution |
| LIU Wenrong | College of Information Engineering, Qingdao Institute of Technology, Shandong Qingdao 266300, China |
| HU Yining | College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China |
| CHEN Siyu | College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China |
| WANG Tao | College of Aeronautical Engineering, Civil Aviation University of China, Tianjin 300300, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 提高TC4钛合金的耐腐蚀性能。方法 采用激光定向能量沉积技术制备纳米TiN陶瓷颗粒增强TC4复合材料。将TC4和纳米TiN/TC4试样浸入3.5%(质量分数)NaCl溶液中进行电化学实验，并分析评价其耐腐蚀性。通过X射线衍射仪与扫描电子显微镜对材料的物相结构、微观组织、腐蚀形貌以及元素分布进行分析。结果 TC4和纳米TiN/TC4涂层与基体的冶金结合良好，没有明显裂纹。纳米TiN的完全熔化促进了纳米TiN/TC4复合材料中块状、条状TiXN相的析出。随着N含量降低，析出的TiXN相尺寸减小。二次析出的TiXN提供了大量形核位点，促进了纳米TiN/TC4晶粒转变为等轴晶。当浸泡1 h后，TC4合金和纳米TiN/TC4复合材料的腐蚀电流密度分别为35.665 nA/cm2、14.819 nA/cm2，极化电阻分别为2 084 Ω、2 696 Ω。浸泡10 d后，TC4的腐蚀电流密度增大，而纳米TiN/TC4的腐蚀电流密度减小为4.458 nA/cm2，极化电阻增大为4 253 Ω。TC4合金和纳米TiN/TC4复合材料表面形成的钝化膜主要由TiO2组成，析出的TiXN能够促进纳米TiN/TC4钝化膜的形成。结论 由于TiXN作为微阴极优先诱导复合材料进入钝化状态，纳米TiN/TC4复合材料的耐腐蚀性明显优于TC4。纳米TiN的加入能够有效提高TC4合金的耐腐蚀性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| As the operating environments for TC4 alloy become increasingly extreme, corrosion damage caused by conditions such as acidity, alkalinity, high temperature, and cyclic loading is becoming more severe. To enhance the corrosion resistance of TC4 titanium alloy, a nano-TiN ceramic particle reinforced TC4 composite was fabricated using laser directed energy deposition technology on a TC4 substrate. The process parameters are as follows:laser power of 2 100 W, scanning speed of 20 mm/s, powder feed rate of 23.326 g/min, spot diameter of 3.8 mm, and overlap rate of 55%. The powder ratio is 10 wt.% nano-TiN and 90wt.% TC4 powder. The TC4 and nano-TiN/TC4 samples were immersed in a 3.5wt.% NaCl solution for 1 hour for electrochemical experiments to analyze and evaluate their corrosion resistance. The phase structure, microstructure, corrosion morphology, and elemental distribution of the materials were analyzed with an X-ray diffractometer and a scanning electron microscope equipped with energy-dispersive spectroscopy, providing comprehensive insights into their properties and performance. The results indicate that after adding nano-TiN, the nano-TiN/TC4 composite exhibits multiple low-intensity TiN diffraction peaks. Due to the formation of interstitial solid solution of Ti and N atoms in the TC4 matrix, the interplanar spacing of the nano-TiN/TC4 composite increases, causing the diffraction peaks to shift to the left. From a macroscopic perspective, the TC4 and nano-TiN/TC4 coatings exhibit excellent metallurgical bonding with the substrate, without obvious cracks. Nano-TiN absorbs more laser energy, resulting in a higher dilution rate of the nano-TiN/TC4 coating and an increased deposition layer thickness. In the microstructure of nano-TiN/TC4, the complete melting of nano-TiN promoted the precipitation of blocky and strip-like TiXN phases within the nano-TiN/TC4 composite. The N content in blocky TiXN phases is higher than that in strip-like TiXN phases, indicating that as the N content decreases, the size of the precipitated TiXN phases decreases. The secondary precipitated TiXN dispersed distribution in the microstructure provides numerous nucleation sites, promoting the transformation of nano-TiN/TC4 grains into equiaxed crystals. When immersed for 1 hour, the corrosion current densities of the TC4 alloy and the nano TiN/TC4 composite are 35.665 nA/cm2 and 14.819 nA/cm2, respectively, with polarization resistance of 2 084 Ω and 2 696 Ω. After immersing for 10 days, the corrosion current density of TC4 increases, while that of the nano TiN/TC4 decreases to 4.458 nA/cm2, and the polarization resistance increases to 4 253 Ω. The passive film formed on the surfaces of the TC4 alloy and nano-TiN/TC4 composite is mainly composed of TiO2. The passivation film resistance of nano-TiN/TC4 is approximately 34.8 times that of TC4, indicating that nano-TiN/TC4 is more likely to form a high-quality passivation film. Due to TiXN acting as a micro-cathode, it preferentially induces the composite to enter a passivation state, making the corrosion resistance of the nano-TiN/TC4 composite significantly superior to that of TC4. On the surface of TC4, there are numerous point-like and strip-like pits, whereas in the nano-TiN/TC4 composite, the number and size of pits decrease, resulting in shallower corrosion traces. The addition of nano-TiN can effectively enhance the corrosion resistance of the TC4 alloy. |
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