穆星宇,李欣,韩怡茗,杨建伟.双轴交变载荷作用下TC4钛合金的微动磨损试验研究[J].表面技术,2025,54(5):128-142.
MU Xingyu,LI Xin,HAN Yiming,YANG Jianwei.Experimental Study on Fretting Wear of TC4 Titanium Alloy under Biaxial Alternating Load[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(5):128-142 |
| 双轴交变载荷作用下TC4钛合金的微动磨损试验研究 |
| Experimental Study on Fretting Wear of TC4 Titanium Alloy under Biaxial Alternating Load |
| 投稿时间：2024-05-09 修订日期：2024-10-31 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.05.010 |
| 中文关键词: 微动磨损 双轴加载 法向交变载荷 相位差 TC4钛合金 磨损机制 |
| 英文关键词:fretting wear biaxial loading biaxial alternating loads phase differences TC4 titanium alloy wear mechanism |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51905028);北京市教育委员会科技计划一般项目(KM202110016002);北京建筑大学金字塔人才培养工程(JDYC20200323) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 穆星宇 | 北京建筑大学 机电与车辆工程学院，北京 100044 |
| 李欣 | 北京建筑大学 机电与车辆工程学院，北京 100044 |
| 韩怡茗 | 北京建筑大学 机电与车辆工程学院，北京 100044 |
| 杨建伟 | 北京建筑大学 机电与车辆工程学院，北京 100044 |
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| Author | Institution |
| MU Xingyu | School of Mechanical-electronic and Vehicle Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China |
| LI Xin | School of Mechanical-electronic and Vehicle Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China |
| HAN Yiming | School of Mechanical-electronic and Vehicle Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China |
| YANG Jianwei | School of Mechanical-electronic and Vehicle Engineering, Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Beijing 100044, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究双轴交变载荷作用下TC4钛合金的微动磨损性能。方法 采用双轴加载微动磨损试验系统，开展TC4钛合金在不同法向交变载荷均值和相位差下的微动磨损试验。采用三维形貌仪和扫描电子显微镜对损伤区域进行分析。结果 在法向交变载荷作用下，Ft-D曲线呈近似d形，与恒定法向载荷工况存在显著区别。随着法向交变载荷均值的减小，磨屑更易排出，接触区域面积增大，摩擦表面的磨损程度加剧，磨损体积增大了12.3%~363.7%。随着双轴加载相位差的增大，磨损程度加剧，磨损体积增大了749.2%~ 1 791.3%。在微动初期，接触面积和磨屑较少，在不同工况下起始摩擦因数基本一致，随着微动周次的增加，磨损区面积增大，且产生了大量磨屑，导致摩擦因数增加。当接触表面磨屑的产生和溢出达到动态平衡时，摩擦因数趋于稳定。结论 随着法向载荷均值的增加，微动演化趋于局部滑移;反之，微动演化趋于全局滑移，磨损程度加剧，微动损伤机制由黏着磨损转变为剥层磨损。双轴交变载荷之间的相位差越大，则微动演化越趋于全局滑移，磨损程度加剧。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper introduces the characteristics of fretting wear in practical engineering and designs a dual axis loading fretting wear testing machine to study the fretting wear mechanism under complex multi axis alternating load conditions. Currently, most research has focused on the combination of variable tangential forces and constant normal loads. This study particularly emphasizes the experimental study of the fretting wear characteristics of TC4 titanium alloy under biaxial alternating loads. This paper adopts a self-designed biaxial loading fretting wear testing system to perform joint loading of alternating normal load and axial displacement load. During the experiment, the normal load loading assembly is subject to a pressure compression cycle load to ensure that the fretting pad and the flat specimen are always maintained contact throughout the entire experiment process. This testing system permits exploration of fretting wear under varying conditions, such as different means and amplitudes of the normal load and axial displacement, as well as under both proportional and non-proportional (varying phase differences) biaxial loading scenarios. All axial displacement load parameters were set to:P=115 μm, A=125 μm, with a loading frequency of 6 Hz. By controlling variables like the mean, amplitude, and phase difference (0°, 45°, 90°) of the alternating normal loads, the study examines the fretting wear behavior of TC4 titanium alloy under these conditions. Furthermore, the impact of these factors on the alloy's fretting wear behavior is analyzed using Ft-D images and surface wear morphology diagram of the flat specimens. The results demonstrate significant deviations in the Ft-D curve of the specimens under alternating load conditions compared with constant load conditions. The Ft-D curve of the global slip state shows an approximate d-shape. As the number of cycles increases, the Ft-D curve gradually transforms into an ellipse and eventually tends to a straight line shape. Decreasing mean alternating loads lead to debris accumulation on the friction surface, accompanied by increased wear depth and width, exacerbating wear intensity. Compared with the initial wear volume of the sample, the wear volume increased by 12.3% to 363.7%. The wear morphology changes from a "W" shape to a "U" shape. Concurrently, the fretting wear regime transitions from adhesive wear to delamination wear. Furthermore, maintaining constant mean and amplitude of alternating loads, greater phase differences between biaxial alternating loads correspond to more pronounced wear severity. Compared with the initial wear volume of the sample, the wear volume increased by 749.2% to 1 791.3%. When the phase difference and amplitude of the normal load are held constant, an increase in the mean normal load tends to result in a localized slip in the fretting motion. When the mean and amplitude of the normal load are consistent, an increase in the phase difference inclines the evolution of fretting motions towards the global slip. Applying a high mean alternating normal load maintains the fretting motion in a partial slip state, with oxidation and adhesive wear being the predominant mechanisms of material damage. Applying an average normal load shifts the fretting motion state from the global slip zone to a mixed zone, resulting in a combination of oxidation wear, abrasive wear, and delamination wear. Under conditions of lower normal loads, the fretting motion remains in a partial slip state, leading to surface fretting cracks, with oxidation wear, delamination wear, and abrasive wear as the primary forms of material damage. |
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