覃冰黎,梅益,周学湫,罗鸿,韦函,汪希奎.超双疏表面耐久性研究进展及其应用[J].表面技术,2025,54(3):17-38.
QIN Bingli,MEI Yi,ZHOU Xueqiu,LUO Hong,WEI Han,WANG Xikui.Research Progress and Application on Durability of Superamphiphobic Surfaces[J].Surface Technology,2025,54(3):17-38 |
| 超双疏表面耐久性研究进展及其应用 |
| Research Progress and Application on Durability of Superamphiphobic Surfaces |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-24 修订日期：2024-10-14 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2025.03.002 |
| 中文关键词: 超双疏 润湿性 耐久性 微结构 |
| 英文关键词:superamphiphobic wettability durability microstructure |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金青年项目(52205304);贵州大学自然科学专项(特岗)项目([2023]25);黔科合中引地贵州省科技创新基地建设项目([2023]010) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 覃冰黎 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 梅益 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 周学湫 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 罗鸿 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 韦函 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
| 汪希奎 | 贵州大学 机械工程学院，贵阳 550025 |
|
| Author | Institution |
| QIN Bingli | School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
| MEI Yi | School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
| ZHOU Xueqiu | School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
| LUO Hong | School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
| WEI Han | School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
| WANG Xikui | School of Mechanical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 超双疏表面通常指对水和油均表现出高接触角和低滚动角的特殊润湿性表面。超双疏表面在日常生活、工业生产、液体运输、航空航天及航海等多个领域具有潜在应用前景，受到了科研人员的广泛关注。由于超双疏表面微纳粗糙结构较为脆弱，一旦表面微结构或化学物质受到破坏，其超双疏性可能会受到影响，甚至失效，因此材料表面的低耐久性是限制超双疏表面规模化推广应用的技术瓶颈，如何提高超双疏表面的机械耐久性，是当前业内亟待解决的重点课题之一。首先概述了超双疏表面的润湿理论和设计基础，并系统总结了包括层层自组装法、模板法、电化学沉积法和气相沉积法在内的多种制备方法，并深入分析了上述制备方法所获得超双疏表面的耐久特性。随后，重点探讨了提升超双疏表面耐久性的技术和方法，如自修复技术、底面复合技术和微结构保护技术等，并阐述了各方法的耐久性提升原理。最后，总结了超双疏表面在自清洁、防冰除冰、防雾、抗黏附和抗菌等领域的应用，分析了当前制约其规模化应用的原因及其解决策略，并对超双疏表面未来的工程应用前景及发展方向进行了展望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Wetting, the natural ability of a liquid to spread across a solid surface, is a ubiquitous and significant physicochemical phenomenon in nature, exerting profound influences across numerous fields, including industrial manufacturing, biological science physical research, aerospace engineering, and nautical technology. Superamphiphobic surfaces, as a special type of wettability surfaces, exhibit exceptionally high contact angles and extremely low rolling angles for both water and oil, demonstrating remarkable hydrophobic and oleophobic properties. Due to their outstanding performance, superamphiphobic surfaces excel in self-cleaning, corrosion resistance, antibacterial properties, anti-icing and de-icing capabilities, and resistance to biofouling. Consequently, they hold vast and potential application prospects in various domains such as daily life, industrial production, liquid transportation, aerospace, and nautical industries. The superamphiphobic characteristics of material surfaces result from the combined effects of their surface chemical composition and surface roughness structure. Based on this, the preparation of superamphiphobic surfaces usually involves two steps:the first step is to construct a rough structure on material surface, and the second step is to modify the rough surface with low surface energy substances. Researchers in the industry have developed various preparation techniques for superamphiphobic surfaces based on the above principles. However, due to the fragility of the micro-nano rough structure of the superamphiphobic surface, once the surface microstructure or chemical substances are damaged, the superamphiphobicity may be affected or even fail. Therefore, the low durability of the material surface is a technical bottleneck limiting the large-scale promotion and application of superamphiphobic surfaces. Improving the mechanical durability of superamphiphobic surfaces a key issue that needs to be urgently addressed in the industry. In recent years, many studies have been dedicated to enhancing the durability of superamphiphobic surfaces, mainly focusing on optimizing surface microstructures and improving the adhesion of low surface energy substances. This paper first summarizes the wetting theory and design basis of superamphiphobic surfaces, systematically summarizes various preparation methods including the layer-by-layer self-assembly method, the template method, the electrochemical deposition method, and the vapor deposition method, and delves into the durability characteristics of superamphiphobic surfaces obtained by the above preparation methods. Subsequently, the paper highlights the techniques and methods employed to improve the durability of superamphiphobic surfaces, elucidating the durability enhancement mechanisms, advantages, and disadvantages of each approach. The discussion covers a range of strategies, from modifying surface roughness and chemistry to incorporating robust binding agents that enhance adhesion between the low-surface-energy coating and the substrate. Finally, In conclusion, the applications of superamphiphobic surfaces in areas such as self-cleaning, ice prevention and removal, anti-fogging, anti-adhesion, and antibacterial properties are summarized. The bottlenecks currently limiting their large-scale application are analyzed, along with potential solutions. The future engineering application prospects and development directions of superamphiphobic surfaces are also outlined. Future research should focus on enhancing the durability of superamphiphobic surfaces and exploring novel material synthesis methods and surface treatment technologies to address more complex and demanding application environments. These efforts aim to expand the practical applications of superamphiphobic surfaces and contribute to technological advancements in various fields. |
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