陈惠.建筑装饰材料智能修复涂层制备方法探析[J].表面技术,2024,53(6):45-54, 89.
CHEN Hui.Preparation Method of Intelligent Repair Coating for Building Decoration Materials[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(6):45-54, 89 |
| 建筑装饰材料智能修复涂层制备方法探析 |
| Preparation Method of Intelligent Repair Coating for Building Decoration Materials |
| 修订日期：2024-01-31 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.06.004 |
| 中文关键词: 自修复 防腐涂层 外援型自修复 本征型自修复 多重自修复 建筑装饰材料 |
| 英文关键词:self-repair anti-corrosion coating external self-repair intrinsic self-repair multiple self-repair building decoration material |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 随着社会经济的发展，建筑装饰材料的使用不可或缺，其长久性和稳定性受自然环境腐蚀的考验。施加涂层是有效的防腐手段，解决自修复涂层稳定性和长久性的问题也是防腐科学研究和实际应用的前沿。综述了几种常见的自修复涂层的制备及防腐机制:外援型自修复涂层，在涂料中添加含成膜物质/缓蚀剂的微胶囊，当涂层受到机械冲击后胶囊随之破裂并释放成膜物质/缓蚀剂，形成保护膜或抑制电化学反应保护金属基底;本征型自修复涂层，其涂层基质对环境因素敏感，在环境刺激下通过恢复涂层基质聚合物网络中内在化学键和/或物理构象而修复涂层，其主要包括动态键型和形状记忆型自修复涂层;多重自修复涂层，通过将含有成膜剂/缓蚀剂的微胶囊掺进可恢复涂层基质聚合物中，使其兼顾外援型和本征型自修复涂层的性能。总的来说，自修复涂层的防腐机制主要是通过在涂层中添加缓蚀剂/成膜物质或使涂层恢复活性来抑制涂层下的金属电化学腐蚀，目前建筑装饰用的自修复防腐涂层已逐步应用到建筑防腐工程中，但仍需要在多个方面进行更加深入的研究，多重自修复涂层是未来自修复涂层研究和应用发展的方向，其长效稳定性及制备工艺是主要的科学问题。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the development of industry, building decoration materials are widely used in marine, chemical, construction, energy, transportation and other fields. The durability and stability of building decoration materials in terms of service behavior are limited by environmental corrosion, and the application of coating is an effective anti-corrosion method. In the process of long-term service of building decoration materials, the environmental corrosion gradually damages the coating on surface. These will cause huge economic losses, and prevent the normal operation of the equipment. The self-repair coating can solve the problem, which has become the research direction of protection science. The self-repair coating has great engineering application value, and is also the frontier of anti-corrosion scientific research. The self-repair coating of building decoration materials can be divided into external aid type, intrinsic type and multi-heavy type according to the repair mechanism. For external self-repair coating, microcapsules in the coating contain film forming substances/corrosion inhibitors. When the coating is broken by mechanical impact, the capsules in the coating break and release the film forming substance/inhibitor, forming a protective film to repair the coating or releasing the inhibitor to protect the metal substrate. The long-term service performance and stability of external self-repair coatings are limited by the dose of film forming substance and corrosion inhibitor. Intrinsic self-repair coatings can be repaired by restoring the intrinsic chemical bonds and/or physical conformation when the coating is stimulated by light and heat. The intrinsic self-repair coating has strong self-repair ability, which can be divided into dynamic bond type and shape memory type. The sensitivity of intrinsic self-repair coating to external environment is the main scientific problem. Multiple self-repair coatings provide both external and intrinsic self-repair coating properties, which is conducive to providing long-term and stable protection for architectural decorative materials. Multiple self-repair coating is the future research direction of self-repair coatings. At present, self-repair anti-corrosion coatings need more in-depth research in many aspects, such as the compatibility between the coating and microcapsules, film forming substances, corrosion inhibitors. Good compatibility can improve the integrity and functionality of the self-repair coating. At the same time, the anti-corrosion effect and long-term performance of the film forming substance and corrosion inhibitor in the microcapsule need to be studied. The mechanical strength, adhesion and surface properties of self-repair coatings are usually ignored, which affects the corrosion resistance of self-repair anti-corrosion coatings. The preparation process of self-repair coating needs to be improved and simplified, and this study is conducive to its popularization in architectural decoration materials. In the field of self-repair anti-corrosion coatings for architectural decoration, multi-self-repair coating is the future research and development direction, and its long-term stability and preparation process are the main scientific problems. |
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