孙启帆,林钟卫,刘博,章钢,李波,姚建华.超音速激光沉积Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层微观结构及耐磨损性能[J].表面技术,2024,53(5):115-125.
SUN Qifan,LIN Zhongwei,LIU Bo,ZHANG Gang,LI Bo,YAO Jianhua.Microstructure and Wear-resistant Properties of Cu-Al2O3-Graphite Composite Coatings Prepared by Supersonic Laser Deposition[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(5):115-125 |
| 超音速激光沉积Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层微观结构及耐磨损性能 |
| Microstructure and Wear-resistant Properties of Cu-Al2O3-Graphite Composite Coatings Prepared by Supersonic Laser Deposition |
| 投稿时间：2023-02-21 修订日期：2023-05-08 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.05.012 |
| 中文关键词: 超音速激光沉积 Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层 微观组织 显微硬度 耐磨损性能 磨损机制 |
| 英文关键词:supersonic laser deposition Cu-Al2O3-graphite composite coating microscopic morphology microhardness wear resistance wear mechanism |
| 基金项目:国网宁夏电力有限公司科技项目(5229CG200069);浙江省自然科学基金(LY22E050017) |
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| Author | Institution |
| SUN Qifan | College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China |
| LIN Zhongwei | College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China |
| LIU Bo | Ultrahigh Voltage Company, State Grid Ningxia Electrical Power Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750001, China |
| ZHANG Gang | College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China |
| LI Bo | College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China |
| YAO Jianhua | College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究不同石墨含量对超音速激光沉积Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层的微观组织、显微硬度、耐磨损性能的影响。方法 利用扫描电子显微镜、能量色谱仪、维氏硬度计、激光共聚焦扫描显微系统、X射线衍射仪、摩擦磨损测试对复合涂层的微观组织、显微硬度、耐磨损性能及磨损机制进行分析。结果 随着原始粉末中镀铜石墨质量占比的增加，Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层的沉积效率逐渐降低。基于Al2O3颗粒的原位喷丸效应及激光辐照的加热软化效应，复合涂层具有致密的微观组织，且复合涂层与基体界面结合良好。单一添加Al2O3颗粒可以将Cu涂层的硬度从108.19HV0.2提高至121.82HV0.2。随着石墨含量的增大，涂层的显微硬度逐渐降低，镀铜石墨在原始粉末中的质量分数从5%增至15%，Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层的硬度从116.09HV0.2降至94.17HV0.2。添加石墨能够在复合涂层表面形成固体润滑层，降低复合涂层的摩擦因数，提升涂层的耐磨损性能。CuAlGr10复合涂层具有最优的耐磨损性能，磨损率为0.7×10−4 mm3/(N.m)。此外，由于激光辐照促进了复合涂层内部颗粒间的界面结合，均匀分散在石墨润滑相中的Al2O3颗粒作为负载支撑和耐磨相，可进一步降低复合涂层的磨损率。结论 Cu-Al2O3-石墨复合涂层优异的耐磨性能是润滑相石墨颗粒和硬质增强相Al2O3颗粒共同作用的结果，石墨的添加能够降低复合涂层的摩擦因数，提升涂层的耐磨损性能，但过量的石墨颗粒会对涂层产生割裂作用，导致增强相Al2O3颗粒脱离涂层，从而加剧涂层的磨损。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper, the Cu-Al2O3-graphite composite coatings with different mass fraction of graphite prepared by supersonic laser deposition technology were used for studying the effects of graphite content on the microscopic morphology, microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings. A scanning electron microscope, an energy chromatograph, a Vickers hardness tester, a laser confocal scanning microscopy system, an X-ray diffractometer, and a friction and wear tester were used to analyze the microscopic morphology, microhardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings. The deposition efficiency of the Cu-Al2O3-graphite composite coating decreased with the increase of the proportion of copper-plated graphite in the original powder. The hard ceramic phase Al2O3 particles in the composite coating had the effect of in-situ shot peening on the deposited particles, which could tamp the coating and enhance the bonding between the coating and the substrate. In addition, the synchronous heating of the spray powder and the substrate by laser could soften the surface of the spray particles and the substrate, improve the plastic deformation ability of both, and promote the interface bonding between the Cu-Al2O3-graphite composite coating and the Cu substrate. Although laser irradiation was introduced in coating preparation, the diffraction peak of Cu oxide was not detected in the XRD pattern, and the graphite was not burned by laser irradiation during the deposition. This showed that the laser had little effect on the original composition and microstructure of the coating material in this process. Single addition of Al2O3 particles could increase the hardness of the Cu coating from 108.19HV0.2 to 121.82HV0.2. However, with the addition of graphite, the microhardness of the coating gradually decreased. When the content of copper-plated graphite in the original powder increased from 5% to 15%, the hardness of the composite coating decreased from 116.09HV0.2 to 94.17HV0.2. The wear rate of SLD-Cu coating was 14.1×10−4 mm3/(N.m), the wear rate of the coating with Al2O3 particles (CuAlGr0) decreased to 4.4×10−4 mm3/(N.m), indicating that adding Al2O3 particles in the Cu coating could effectively reduce the wear rate of the coating. With the addition of graphite in the original powder, the wear rate of the composite coating further decreased. The composite coating (CuAlGr10) with 10% graphite had the best wear resistance, and the wear rate was only 0.7×10−4 mm3/(N.m). In the process of friction and wear, graphite with low shear strength was likely to form a solid lubricating layer on the wear surface of the coating, which could effectively separate and prevent the direct contact of the friction pair, thus reducing the friction coefficient and wear rate. At the same time, Al2O3 particles embedded in the lubricating layer could also effectively reduce the wear rate of the coating as a load support and wear-resistant phase. It is worth emphasizing that the simultaneous introduction of laser irradiation in the cold spraying process can improve the interface bonding between the reinforcing phase particles (graphite and Al2O3) and the bonding phase (Cu) in the composite coating, thus avoiding the damage of the graphite lubrication coating caused by the falling off of the hard Al2O3 ceramic particles. |
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