朱琪,谢俊,张威,庹军波.扣件参数对小半径曲线钢轨波磨的影响[J].表面技术,2024,53(1):78-86, 95.
ZHU Qi,XIE Jun,ZHANG Wei,TUO Junbo.Influence of Fastener Parameters on Rail Corrugation of Sharp Radius Curve Track[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(1):78-86, 95 |
| 扣件参数对小半径曲线钢轨波磨的影响 |
| Influence of Fastener Parameters on Rail Corrugation of Sharp Radius Curve Track |
| 投稿时间：2022-11-26 修订日期：2023-05-16 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.01.007 |
| 中文关键词: 钢轨波磨 摩擦自激振动 扣件结构 弹条预紧力 数值仿真 |
| 英文关键词:rail corrugation frictional self-excited vibration fastener parameters clips preload numerical simulation |
| 基金项目:重庆市教委科学技术研究项目(KJQN202200846);国家自然科学基金(52005065);重庆工商大学高层次人才科研启动项目(CTBU950322041) |
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| Author | Institution |
| ZHU Qi | Chongqing Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Equipment Mechanism Design and Control, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400054, China |
| XIE Jun | Chongqing Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Equipment Mechanism Design and Control, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400054, China |
| ZHANG Wei | Chongqing Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Equipment Mechanism Design and Control, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400054, China |
| TUO Junbo | Chongqing Key Laboratory of Manufacturing Equipment Mechanism Design and Control, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400067, China;College of Mechanical Engineering, Chongqing Technology and Business University, Chongqing 400054, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究扣件参数对小半径曲线钢轨波磨的影响，获得抑制钢轨波磨的有效措施。方法 建立小半径曲线DTVI2扣件的轮轨系统有限元模型，对扣件系统进行实体化建模，考虑轨下垫板之间的接触情况，同时模拟扣件系统中弹条预紧作用。采用复特征值分析和瞬时动态分析研究轮轨系统的摩擦自激振动特性，并将预测结果与现场测试结果对比，揭示该区段钢轨波磨产生的原因。最后开展轨下垫板材料属性以及扣件结构参数的影响分析，获得其对钢轨波磨的影响。结果 轮轨间饱和蠕滑力引起轮轨系统发生频率为500 Hz的不稳定振动，会导致波长为30 mm的钢轨波磨。轨下垫板杨氏模量在10~50 MPa区间，等效阻尼比先从‒0.015 2减小到‒0.016 9又增大到‒0.014 2;阻尼系数在0~0.000 1区间内，等效阻尼比从‒0.016 9增大到‒0.010 2;轨下垫板泊松比的变化没有引起系统等效阻尼比发生明显的变化;扣件间距在575~675 mm区间内，等效阻尼比从‒0.016 3降低到‒0.019 0;等效阻尼比随着弹条预紧力的增大而增大。结论 选取合适的轨下垫板杨氏模量可以减轻由轮轨摩擦自激振动导致的钢轨波磨;提高阻尼系数对轮轨系统的自激振动具有较强的抑制作用;而轨下垫板的泊松比对钢轨波磨的影响较小;适当减小扣件间距可以略微降低钢轨波磨的产生趋势;增大弹簧预紧力可以抑制由轮轨系统摩擦自激振动导致的钢轨波磨。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Rail corrugation is one of the most serious rail damage problems. The rail surface appears to have wave-shaped uneven wear. The train through the rail corrugation line causes the vehicle violent vibration, which not only affects the running condition of the train, but also leads to derailment accidents in serious cases. In recent years, researchers have proposed various suppression and mitigation measures for rail corrugation. Related research shows that the impact of track structure on rail corrugation is particularly obvious. The paper aims to study the influence of fastener parameters on rail corrugation of the sharp radius curve track, and put forward effective measures to suppress the rail corrugation. Based on the theory of frictional self-excited vibration, a finite element model of the wheel-rail system on the sharp radius curve track supported by DTVI2 fasteners was established. In the finite element model, the rail pad was represented with solid element, the frictional contact between the rail and the pad was fully considered, while the spring preload was applied to simulate the preload effect of the clips on the rail. The friction self-excited vibration characteristics of the wheel-rail system of the metro vehicle were studied through complex eigenvalue analysis and transient dynamic analysis. The complex eigenvalue analysis results showed that the wheel-rail system occurred with an unstable vibration frequency of 499.46 Hz. The modal analysis showed that the deformation occurred mainly on the inner wheel and low rail, which indicated that the rail corrugation was most likely to occur on the low rail under the same line conditions. The transient dynamic analysis results showed that a self-excited vibration with a principal frequency of 504.64 Hz occurred in the low rail, which was close to the frequency of self-excited vibration obtained from the complex eigenvalue analysis. Therefore, it could be inferred that the frictional self-excited vibration with a frequency of about 500 Hz occurred in this section of the wheel-rail system was the main cause of rail corrugation. A long-term investigation of rail corrugation characteristics of Chengdu Metro Line 6 was carried out. The finite element prediction results were compared with the field test results, and the root cause of rail corrugation in this section was revealed. Finally, a parametric analysis of the material properties of the under-rail pads and the structural parameters of the fasteners was carried out with the finite element model, and the variation law of their effects on rail corrugation was obtained. On the sharp radius curve track supported by DTVI2 fasteners, the self-excited vibration at 500 Hz was excited by saturation creep force between the wheels and rails in the wheel-rail system. This unstable vibration would cause the wheelset-track system to produce rail corrugation with wavelength of 30 mm. When the Young's modulus of the under-rail pad is in the range of 10 MPa to 50 MPa, the equivalent damping ratio first decreased from –0.015 2 to –0.016 9 and then increased to –0.014 2. The damping factor varied from 0 to 0.000 1, and the equivalent damping ratio of the unstable vibration of the wheel-rail system increased from –0.016 9 to –0.010 2. The change in Poisson's ratio did not cause a significant change in the equivalent damping ratio of the system. The fastener spacing varied between 575 mm and 675 mm, and the equivalent damping ratio also decreased from –0.016 3 to –0.019 0 with increasing fastener spacing. At the same time, the equivalent damping ratio increased with the increase of the clips preload. Results show that selecting a appropriate Young's modulus of the under-rail pad can reduce the occurrence probability of rail corrugation caused by wheel-rail friction self-excited vibration. The higher damping coefficient of the under-rail pad has a certain suppression effect on the self-excited vibration of the wheel-rail system. Poisson's ratio has less effect on the occurrence of rail corrugation on the small radius curve track. Reducing the fastener spacing can slightly reduce the tendency of rail corrugation. Increasing the clips preload can suppress the rail corrugation caused by the frictional self-excited vibration of the wheel-rail system. In this study, based on the mechanism study of rail corrugation, several main factors in rail fasteners are considered to influence the law of rail corrugation. This study provides reference for proposing the optimal design of rail support structure to suppress rail corrugation. |
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