刘超,钟涛,张艳梅,杨晚生.MWCNTs光热相变超滑表面的制备及防/除冰性能研究[J].表面技术,2023,52(11):84-94.
LIU Chao,ZHONG Tao,ZHANG Yan-mei,YANG Wan-sheng.Preparation and Anti-icing/De-icing Performance of MWCNTs Photothermal Phase-change Slippery Surfaces[J].Surface Technology,2023,52(11):84-94 |
| MWCNTs光热相变超滑表面的制备及防/除冰性能研究 |
| Preparation and Anti-icing/De-icing Performance of MWCNTs Photothermal Phase-change Slippery Surfaces |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-29 修订日期：2023-11-07 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.11.007 |
| 中文关键词: 多壁碳纳米管 固体石蜡 相变超滑表面 光热效应 防冰/除冰 自修复 |
| 英文关键词:MWCNTs solid paraffin phase-change slippery surfaces photothermal effect anti-icing/de-icing self-repairing |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发项目(2016YFE0133300);广东省科技计划项目(2015A010105027) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 制备光热相变超滑表面，并研究不同含量的多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)和固体石蜡对防冰/除冰性能的影响。方法 首先在纯Al表面刻蚀出微米结构，然后将MWCNTs、固体石蜡以及环氧树脂均匀混合后刮涂在处理后的Al基材表面，制备光热相变超滑表面，并对其润湿性、结冰/除冰性、机械稳定性以及自修复性进行表征。结果 通过扫描电镜对涂层截面表征发现MWCNTs已经完全均匀分布在涂层内部。当用波长为808 nm、功率密度为0.5 W/cm2的近红外光(NIR)照射涂层，表层的固体石蜡融化成液体后水滴滑动角可由40°下降到5°，表现出极佳的滑动性能。在–20 ℃时，与纯Al基底相比，相变超滑表面可将水滴的结冰时长从27 s延长至239 s，其冰黏附强度降也只有34.9 kPa。得益于MWCNTs优异的光热性能，在NIR照射下，表面温度迅速升高，可在92 s内实现快速除冰。此外，涂层在100次的循环摩擦后依然保持极低的冰黏附强度，并在NIR照射下可实现快速自修复。结论 光热相变超滑表面相比于纯Al表面具有更加优异的防冰性，MWCNTs的加入，使表面具有快速除冰性。环氧树脂和固体石蜡则极大地提高了表面耐磨性以及自修复性，为长久的防冰/除冰提供了保障。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Icing on material surfaces often poses a great challenge to the production and daily life of people, so it is important to study passive anti-/de-icing coatings. In this paper, a Phase-Change Slippery Surface with photothermal conversion capability was developed and its anti-/de-icing properties were investigated with different contents of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (abbreviated as MWCNTs) as well as solid paraffin. Firstly, microstructures were etched on a pure aluminum (Al) surface using NaOH solution, and the etched aluminum was used as the substrate. MWCNTs, epoxy resin, and solid paraffin were mixed in varying mass ratios in a beaker. The MWCNTs were evenly dispersed in the mixed solution by stirring in a constant temperature water bath. Subsequently, the mixture was uniformly coated onto the substrate using a scraper and cured at high temperature to obtain the photothermal phase-change slippery surface. The wetting performance, ice formation/de-icing characteristics, ice adhesion strength, and mechanical stability were characterized. Characterization of the coating cross-section by scanning electron microscopy revealed that the MWCNTs have been completely and evenly distributed inside the coating. The contact angle of the solid-state slippery surface measured using a contact angle measurement device was found to be 111.6°. When illuminated with near-infrared light (NIR) with a wavelength of 808 nm and power density of 0.5 W/cm2, the MWCNTs absorbed the light energy and converted it into heat, melting the surface solid paraffin into a liquid state, thereby reducing the sliding angle of water droplets from 40° to 5°, showcasing exceptional sliding performance. To test the anti-icing performance on different surfaces, experiments were conducted in a constant temperature and humidity chamber set at –20 ℃. Compared to the pure aluminum substrate, the phase-change slippery surface extended the freezing time of water droplets from 27 s to 239 s, demonstrating excellent anti-icing performance. This can be attributed to two main factors:the reduced contact area between water droplets and the phase-change slippery surface, and the significantly lower thermal conductivity of the phase-change slippery surface compared to pure aluminum. Benefitting from the outstanding photothermal properties of MWCNTs, the surface temperature rapidly increased under NIR irradiation, enabling fast de-icing within 92 s. In contrast, pure aluminum exhibits very low photothermal conversion efficiency, and even under long-term NIR irradiation, its surface temperature does not increase significantly. The ice adhesion strength on the surface was measured using a digital force gauge and found to decrease to only 34.9 kPa. Additionally, after subjecting the surface to 100 cycles of friction on 400-grit sandpaper, minimal wear was observed. This can be attributed to the excellent abrasion resistance of epoxy resin and the lubricating properties of solid paraffin, effectively reducing frictional wear. Scratch marks on the surface were rapidly repaired under NIR irradiation, and a comparison of the contact angle and ice adhesion strength before and after the test revealed that the surface had restored its performance to pre-friction levels. In conclusion, the photothermal phase-change slippery surface has better anti-icing performance than pure aluminum, while the addition of carbon nanotubes enables rapid de-icing. The addition of epoxy resin and solid paraffin greatly improved the durability and self-repairing ability of the surface, thus providing long-lasting anti-icing/de-icing capabilities. |
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