韩宾龙,田晓东,卢鹏军,祁贤.氧化钇对TC4钛合金表面包埋渗硼的影响[J].表面技术,2023,52(8):451-457.
HAN Bin-long,TIAN Xiao-dong,LU Peng-jun,QI Xian.Effects of Y2O3 on Pack Boronizing of TC4 Titanium Alloy[J].Surface Technology,2023,52(8):451-457 |
| 氧化钇对TC4钛合金表面包埋渗硼的影响 |
| Effects of Y2O3 on Pack Boronizing of TC4 Titanium Alloy |
| 投稿时间：2022-08-04 修订日期：2023-02-08 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.08.041 |
| 中文关键词: 渗硼 包埋渗 氧化钇 催渗 |
| 英文关键词:boronizing pack cementation Y2O3 catalytic diffusion |
| 基金项目:大学生创新创业训练项目(X202210710586);长安大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(300102311403) |
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| Author | Institution |
| HAN Bin-long | Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China |
| TIAN Xiao-dong | Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China |
| LU Peng-jun | Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China |
| QI Xian | Engineering Research Center of Transportation Materials of Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an 710064, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 加快TC4钛合金表面固体渗硼时渗层的生长，研究渗剂中添加Y2O3对渗硼的影响。方法 采用固体粉末包埋渗法对TC4基材进行1 050 ℃/8 h渗硼，包括渗剂中不添加Y2O3以及渗剂中分别添加质量分数为1%、3%、5%、7%Y2O3的试验研究。通过扫描电子显微镜、能谱仪、波谱仪和X射线衍射仪分析渗硼样品的截面形貌、元素含量和表面物相，并测量渗硼样品的表面硬度和摩擦系数。结果 在渗剂中加入1%~7%的Y2O3，渗硼层结构与未添加氧化钇渗剂形成的相同，由致密连续的TiB2层和TiB晶须扩散层组成。Y2O3促进渗层生长的作用与其添加量密切相关。渗剂中加入1%~3%的Y2O3有促进渗硼层生长的作用，且加入3%的Y2O3时，催渗效果最佳，可使渗硼层厚度增加40.24%，但加入5%~7%的Y2O3时反而会抑制渗硼层的生长。能谱分析表明，Y原子能够扩散到渗硼层内，且渗硼层中存在原子数分数为0.01%~0.34%的微量Y元素，其随渗剂中Y2O3含量的增加而增加。热力学分析发现，Y2O3参与渗剂反应形成活性Y原子而渗入基体。向渗硼试剂中加入3%的Y2O3，样品的表面硬度较未添加Y2O3时提高35.54%，摩擦系数较未添加Y2O3时降低28.57%。结论 向渗硼试剂中加入适量氧化钇，是获得TC4合金表面高渗速、高硬度和低摩擦系数渗硼层的一种有效方法。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to accelerate the growth of the boronizing layer on TC4 titanium alloy prepared through pack cementation process, the effects of adding Y2O3 into the pack mixture were investigated. The TC4 matrix was boronized at 1 050 ℃ for 8 h with the pack mixtures composed of NaF, B and Al2O3 powders with Y2O3 free and Y2O3 addition of 1, 3, 5 and 7 wt.%. The SEM, EDS, WDS and XRD instruments were applied to analyze the morphology, composition and constituent phases of the boronizing layer. And the surface hardness and the friction coefficient of the boronizing sample were evaluated through a microhardness tester and a ball and disc type friction and wear tester, respectively. When adding 1wt.%~7wt.% Y2O3 into the pack mixture, the boronizing layer obtained on the TC4 substrate was composed of the dense and continuous TiB2 layer and the TiB whisker diffusion layer, which had the same structure as the boronizing layer prepared in the Y2O3 free pack mixture. The catalytic diffusion effect of Y2O3 on the boronizing layer growth was related to the amount of Y2O3 addition into the pack mixture. Adding 1wt.%~3wt.% Y2O3 into the pack mixture increased the thickness of the boronizing layer by up to 40.24% compared with that of the boronizing layer prepared in the Y2O3 free pack mixture. The best catalytic diffusion effect of Y2O3 on the boronizing layer growth occurred in the pack mixture with 3wt.% Y2O3 addition. Nevertheless, adding 5wt.%~7wt.% Y2O3 into the pack mixture restrained the growth of the boronizing layer. The EDS analysis showed that Y atoms could diffuse into the boronizing layer, and the content of Y element in the boronizing layer was about 0.01at.% to 0.34at.%. which increased with the rising of Y2O3 content in the pack mixture. Thermodynamics analysis revealed that Y2O3 could take part in the reactions of the pack mixture to form reactive Y atoms. When Y atoms were slightly incorporated into the boronizing layer, it prompted the matrix lattice distortion and resulted in a certain number of vacancies, dislocations and other defects, which provided a fast diffusion channel for the reactive B atoms and played the positive effect of catalytic diffusion. When too much Y2O3 existed in the pack mixture, however, a large number of Y atoms would be adsorbed on the surface of the TC4 substrate and form a thick aggregated layer to impede the diffusion of B atoms. By using the pack mixture with 3 wt.% Y2O3 addition, the surface hardness of the boronizing layer reached to 990.8 HV0.1, which increased by 35.54% compared with that of the boronizing layer prepared in the Y2O3 free pack mixture, and the friction coefficient of the boronizing layer declined to 0.15, which reduced by 28.57% compared with that of the boronizing layer prepared in the Y2O3 free pack mixture. In conclusion, adding an appropriate amount of Y2O3 into the packing mixture is an effective way to obtain the boronizing layer with high growth rate, high hardness and low friction coefficient on the TC4 alloy surface. |
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