李林芳,贺甜甜,杜三明,岳赟,刘建,傅丽华,张鑫,张永振.超音速微粒轰击对GCr15SiMn轴承钢表面纳米化与摩擦磨损性能的影响[J].表面技术,2023,52(7):425-434.
LI Lin-fang,HE Tian-tian,DU San-ming,YUE Yun,LIU Jian,FU Li-hua,ZHANG Xin,ZHANG Yong-zhen.Surface Microstructure and Tribological Properties of GCr15SiMn Bearing Steel under Supersonic Fine Particle Bombardment[J].Surface Technology,2023,52(7):425-434 |
| 超音速微粒轰击对GCr15SiMn轴承钢表面纳米化与摩擦磨损性能的影响 |
| Surface Microstructure and Tribological Properties of GCr15SiMn Bearing Steel under Supersonic Fine Particle Bombardment |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.07.039 |
| 中文关键词: 超音速微粒轰击 GCr15SiMn轴承钢 微观组织 力学性能 摩擦磨损性能 |
| 英文关键词:supersonic fine particle bombardment GCr15SiMn bearing steel microstructure mechanical properties tribological properties |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51905153，52005160);国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2000302);河南省科技攻关项目(212102210117);清华大学摩擦学国家重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLTKF21B10) |
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| Author | Institution |
| LI Lin-fang | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
| HE Tian-tian | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
| DU San-ming | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
| YUE Yun | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
| LIU Jian | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
| FU Li-hua | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
| ZHANG Xin | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
| ZHANG Yong-zhen | National United Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Bearing Tribology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Henan Luoyang 471023, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 利用超音速微粒轰击对GCr15SiMn轴承钢表面进行强化处理，并研究超音速微粒轰击对材料表层组织、力学性能及摩擦磨损性能的影响。方法 采用三维显微形貌仪、透射电镜、背散射电子仪、扫描电镜、X射线残余应力分析仪、显微硬度仪等仪器观测GCr15SiMn轴承钢强化前后的微观组织、表面粗糙度、力学性能，并使用UMT-2摩擦磨损试验机对试样强化前后的摩擦磨损性能进行检测。结果 经过超音速微粒轰击强化处理的GCr15SiMn钢试样的表面粗糙度增加，表层结构发生严重的塑性变形，形成约20 μm厚的塑性变形层，片状马氏体细化至纳米级，平均晶粒尺寸约为13 nm，碳化物平均粒径由0.48 μm减小到0.45 μm，数量增加了约18%。试样表层引入了300 μm的硬化层，表面硬度从740HV0.05提高到了996HV0.05，距表面10 μm处出现硬度最高值为1 056HV0.05，硬度提高了42.7%。试样引入深度为60 μm的残余压应力层，样品表面残余应力为‒1 246 MPa左右。经过超音速微粒轰击后，强化试样平均摩擦因数略高于原始试样，而磨损率得到了大幅度降低，磨损机理主要为磨粒磨损，伴有少量的氧化磨损和黏着磨损。结论 经过超音速微粒轰击的GCr15SiMn轴承钢表面粗糙度增加，表层晶粒细化至纳米级;表层构建了残余应力层和硬化层;强化引入的残余应力和因强化处理引起的加工硬化、细晶强化改善材料的耐磨性。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Bearings are key components of modern machines. Because of the advantages such as wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and long service life, bearings are widely used in many fields such as agriculture, vehicles, and industrial equipment. When the bearing is in service under bad working conditions, the surface failure is caused by various complex alternating stresses. Bearing damage and failure frequently occur on the surface or subsurface, and the surface quality of bearing has a direct impact on the performance and service life of bearing. Surface enhancement technique improves the surface qualities of bearing materials, potentially extending the service life of bearing products. Surface nanoization is a common surface mechanical treatment process, including ultrasonic rolling surface strengthening, surface mechanical attrition treatment and supersonic fine particle bombardment as the most frequent treatment methods. The diameter of the supersonic fine particle bombardment used in supersonic fine particle bombardment is small, which effectively reduces the surface roughness of target material, and the bombardment speed is high. This encourages the creation of surface residual stress, improving the surface characteristics of the material. The work aims to strengthen the surface of GCr15SiMn bearing steel by supersonic particle bombardment and study the effects of supersonic particle bombardment on the microstructure, mechanical properties and friction and wear properties of bearing steel. The microstructure, surface roughness, microhardness and mechanical properties of GCr15SiMn bearing steel before and after strengthening were observed by 3D morphology, Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray residual stress analyser (LXRD), microhardness tester and other instruments, and the tribological properties before and after strengthening were tested by UMT-2 friction and wear test machine. The surface roughness of the GCr15SiMn steel samples increased after SFPB treatment, the surface structure underwent severe plastic deformation, and formed a plastic deformation layer of about 20 μm, the lamellar structure of lamellar martensite disappeared and nanocrystalline structure appeared, and the nanocrystalline grain size was about 13 nm. The average carbide particle size reduced from 0.48 μm to 0.45 μm and the number decreased by 18% on the surface of the sample. The surface hardness of the sample was enhanced from 740HV0.05 to 996HV0.05 and the depth of hardened layer was 300 μm. The highest hardness was 1 056HV0.05 at 10 μm away from the surface, and the hardness increased by 42.7%. The sample was subject to a residual stress layer with a depth of 60 μm, and the residual stress on the sample surface was around ‒1 246 MPa. After SFPB treatment, the average friction coefficient of strengthened sample was slightly higher than the original sample, but the wear rate was significantly lower. The wear mechanisms of the original sample were abrasive, adhesive, and oxidative. Similarly, the wear mechanism of the SFPB sample is primarily abrasive, with little oxidative and adhesive wear, and the tribological properties of the sample are improved. The surface roughness of the GCr15SiMn bearing steel after supersonic fine particle bombardment increases significantly, the dislocation density increases significantly, and the surface grains are refined to the nanometer level; Residual compressive stress layer and hardened layer have been built on the surface. The residual stress introduced by strengthening and the work hardening and fine grain strengthening improve the wear resistance of the material. |
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