陈书楠,娄丽艳,纪纲,贾云杰,李长久,李成新.超高速与常规激光熔覆Fe基涂层微观组织及性能研究[J].表面技术,2022,51(12):358-370.
CHEN Shu-nan,LOU Li-yan,JI Gang,JIA Yun-jie,LI Chang-jiu,LI Cheng-xin.Microstructure and Properties of Fe-based Alloy Prepared by Ultra-High Speed Laser Cladding and Conventional Laser Cladding[J].Surface Technology,2022,51(12):358-370 |
| 超高速与常规激光熔覆Fe基涂层微观组织及性能研究 |
| Microstructure and Properties of Fe-based Alloy Prepared by Ultra-High Speed Laser Cladding and Conventional Laser Cladding |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2022.12.037 |
| 中文关键词: 超高速激光熔覆 涂层 组织结构 耐蚀性 硬度 相组成 |
| 英文关键词:ultra-high speed laser cladding coating microstructure corrosion resistance hardness phase structure |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划(2018YFB2002000);天津自然科学基金(19JCQNJC03800);山东省重大科技创新项目(2019JZZY010802) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 陈书楠 | 天津职业技术师范大学 机械工程学院 汽车模具智能制造技术国家地方联合工程实验室，天津 300222 |
| 娄丽艳 | 天津职业技术师范大学 机械工程学院 汽车模具智能制造技术国家地方联合工程实验室，天津 300222;西安交通大学 材料科学与工程学院 金属材料强度国家重点实验室，西安 710049 |
| 纪纲 | 西安交通大学 材料科学与工程学院 金属材料强度国家重点实验室，西安 710049 |
| 贾云杰 | 天津职业技术师范大学 机械工程学院 汽车模具智能制造技术国家地方联合工程实验室，天津 300222 |
| 李长久 | 西安交通大学 材料科学与工程学院 金属材料强度国家重点实验室，西安 710049 |
| 李成新 | 西安交通大学 材料科学与工程学院 金属材料强度国家重点实验室，西安 710049 |
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| Author | Institution |
| CHEN Shu-nan | National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Oriented Automobile Die & Mould, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin 300222, China |
| LOU Li-yan | National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Oriented Automobile Die & Mould, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin 300222, China;State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
| JI Gang | State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
| JIA Yun-jie | National-local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Manufacturing Oriented Automobile Die & Mould, School of Mechanical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology and Education, Tianjin 300222, China |
| LI Chang-jiu | State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
| LI Cheng-xin | State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 对比研究常规与超高速激光熔覆涂层的微观组织、相结构，明确涂层结构及性能间的构效关系。方法 以27SiMn为基体，分别采用常规和超高速激光熔覆技术制备Fe基涂层。采用扫描电镜(SEM)表征涂层的显微组织，用能谱仪(EDS)分析涂层的元素分布。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、光学显微镜(OM)和电子背散射衍射(EBSD)方法分析涂层的相组成。采用显微硬度计、电化学工作站等测试涂层的硬度分布及电化学特性。结果 常规与超高速激光熔覆涂层组织致密，均无明显气孔和裂纹等缺陷。相较于常规激光熔覆涂层，超高速激光熔覆涂层的晶粒更为细小，涂层成分接近粉末设计成分，晶内和晶间Cr元素分布更为均匀。2种工艺制备的涂层均由马氏体、铁素体和M型碳化物组成，但是超高速激光熔覆涂层所含马氏体和碳化物含量更低，使其硬度低于常规激光熔覆涂层。同时，与常规激光熔覆涂层相比，超高速激光熔覆涂层的自腐蚀电位由–0.56 V升高至–0.51 V，自腐蚀电流密度由1.3×10–5 A/cm2显著降低至1.5× 10–7 A/cm2。 结论 与常规激光熔覆相比，超高速激光熔覆涂层晶粒细小，成分均匀，具有更优异的耐腐蚀性能。与此同时，涂层的马氏体及碳化物含量更少，硬度更低。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ultra-high speed laser cladding (UHSLC) technology is a new developed green surface modification technology, which could realize the preparation of high quality coating with high efficiency of 50-500 m/min, and overcome the efficiency obstacle of conventional laser cladding (CLC) technology. The heat input to the substrate could be obviously decreased during UHSLC process, and the coating in thickness of 25-500 μm can be deposited with a dilution ratio as low as 2%. The UHSLC coating was reported to have better wear resistance and corrosion resistance, and the current explanation was due to the finer crystalline grain size and uniformly distributed elements, while the difference of the phase structure between the UHSLC and CLC coatings was not examined yet. In order to clarify the reason of the different performance of the CLC coating from UHSLC coating, the microstructure and phase structure of two different coatings were analyzed in this paper, and the relationship between the structure and the properties of the coating was established at the same time. Fe-based alloy coating was prepared on 27SiMn steel substrate. The laser cladding experiment was carried out with RFL-A2500D fiber laser of ϕ2 mm laser spot, and a self-designed co-axial powder feeding nozzle was chosen during the UHSLC process. The coating was deposited at a laser power of 2.5 kW with a linear speed of 15.6 m/min for UHSLC process, and 1.2 m/min for CLC process. The microstructure of the clad layer was characterized with scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the element analysis was analyzed using Energy-Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS). The phase composition was analyzed with X-ray diffractometer (XRD), optical microscope (OM), and electron backscattering diffraction (EBSD) technology. The micro hardness on the polished coating surfaces was measured by Vickers microhardness tester, and electro-chemical properties were characterized with electrochemical workstation. The experiment results showed that both the UHSLC coating and the CLC coating presented a dense microstructure with mainly dendritic structure, and no obvious pores and cracks were formed. The UHSLC coating was 200 μm in thickness with smooth surface, while the CLC coating was rough with the thickness of 800 μm. Moreover, the UHSLC coating presented finer grains and the more uniform element distribution with a lower dilution ratio of 2%, while the CLC coating presented, an inter-and intra-granular Cr content difference of 6% with a dilution ratio of 12%. The phase structure analysis results revealed that both the UHSLC coating and the CLC coating were composed of martensite, ferrite, and M-type carbides. However, since the higher nonequilibrium solidification rate and the higher content of Ni and Cr element suppress the evolution of martensite, the UHSLC coating had less content of martensite and carbides. Therefore, the UHSLC coating showed lower hardness (460HV) compared with the CLC coating (650HV). The electrochemical performance testing indicated the UHSLC coating had a better corrosion resistance, with the corrosion potential increased from –0.56 V to –0.51 V, and corrosion current density decreased from 1.3×10–5 A/cm2 to 1.5×10–7 A/cm2, compared with the CLC coating. This can be attributed to the fact that the UHSLC coating has higher Cr content, the distribution of Cr elements in the inter-and intra-granular is more uniform, and the intergranular corrosion could be inhibited. |
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