杨言昭,张璇,封伟,王玲.仿生变色液晶功能材料[J].表面技术,2022,51(8):15-29.
YANG Yan-zhao,ZHANG Xuan,FENG Wei,WANG Ling.Bioinspired Color-Changing Liquid Crystal Materials[J].Surface Technology,2022,51(8):15-29 |
| 仿生变色液晶功能材料 |
| Bioinspired Color-Changing Liquid Crystal Materials |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2022.08.002 |
| 中文关键词: 仿生材料 变色材料 光子晶体 结构色 胆甾相液晶 蓝相液晶 |
| 英文关键词:bioinspired materials color-changing materials photonic crystal structural color cholesteric liquid crystals blue phase liquid crystals |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目(2011BAK10B05, 2012BAD29B05);天津市自然科学基金(20JCYBJC00810) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 杨言昭 | 天津大学 材料科学与工程学院，天津 300350 |
| 张璇 | 天津大学 材料科学与工程学院，天津 300350 |
| 封伟 | 天津大学 材料科学与工程学院，天津 300350 |
| 王玲 | 天津大学 材料科学与工程学院，天津 300350 |
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| Author | Institution |
| YANG Yan-zhao | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China |
| ZHANG Xuan | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China |
| FENG Wei | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China |
| WANG Ling | School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 手性液晶是一类独特的软光子晶体材料，包括一维的胆甾相液晶和三维的蓝相液晶等，它们都能够选择性地反射自然光。手性液晶的自组装超结构可以在外界刺激下被动态控制，反射颜色可以在整个可见光范围内调节，因此被认为是制备仿生变色光子晶体的理想材料。随着先进液晶材料的不断发展，手性液晶可以被制备成不同的形态，如封装在液晶盒中的液晶、液晶微滴、液晶聚合物薄膜、液晶纤维、液晶聚合物涂层、液晶弹性体等。近年来，科学家们在仿生液晶变色功能材料的研究方面取得了一系列重要进展。主要介绍了近年来刺激响应变色液晶功能材料的发展现状，重点介绍了温度、光、湿度、机械力等多种外界刺激对手性液晶结构色的动态调控。温度响应变色液晶的形式多样，可用于隐身、变色伪装等领域;光响应变色液晶主要通过在手性液晶中掺杂光致异构化分子来实现;湿度响应变色液晶主要基于含氢键的液晶聚合物网络，通过网络的吸水或失水使材料变色;力响应变色液晶主要通过构筑手性的液晶弹性体来实现。最后总结了仿生液晶变色功能材料目前面临的挑战及未来的发展方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Chiral liquid crystals (LCs) are one of most promising soft photonic crystal materials, which includes one- dimensional cholesteric liquid crystals (CLCs), three-dimensional blue phase liquid crystals (BPLCs), etc. CLCs and BPLCs are known to be able to selectively reflect the light in visible spectrum. Moreover, the structural color in chiral LCs can be tuned owing to the dynamic control of inherent self-organized superstructures in response to external stimuli. Therefore, chiral LCs have been considered as one of most promising candidates for fabricating bioinspired color-changing photonic crystal materials. With the development of LC materials in recent years, chiral LCs can be presented in various styles and architectures, such as LC cells, microparticles, films, fibers, polymer coatings, elastomers and so on. Furthermore, many advancements have been achieved in the development of bioinspired color-changing LC functional materials. Let this be clear:This review introduces the dynamic control over the structural color of bioinspired LC functional materials under diverse external stimuli, such as temperature, light, humidity and mechanical force. Temperature-responsive LCs can be fabricated in many architectures, which are usually used in the fields of stealth and camouflage; photo-responsive LCs are realized by doping light-driven molecular switches into LCs; humidity-responsive LCs are mainly based on LC polymer network containing hydrogen bonds; mechanical- responsive LCs are realized by constructing LC elastomers. Finally, this review concludes with the existing challenges and opportunities of bioinspired color-changing LC functional materials with advanced properties and functions. |
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