刘伊,白瑞兴,李长久,李成新.面向铝基发动机气门座圈的激光熔覆铜基合金工艺及性能研究[J].表面技术,2022,51(7):397-409.
LIU Yi,BAI Rui-xing,LI Chang-jiu,LI Cheng-xin.Laser Cladding Process and Performance of Copper-based Alloy for Aluminum-based Engine Valve Retainer[J].Surface Technology,2022,51(7):397-409 |
| 面向铝基发动机气门座圈的激光熔覆铜基合金工艺及性能研究 |
| Laser Cladding Process and Performance of Copper-based Alloy for Aluminum-based Engine Valve Retainer |
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| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2022.07.040 |
| 中文关键词: 激光熔覆 汽车发动机 ZL104铝合金 铜基合金 耐磨性 |
| 英文关键词:laser cladding automobile engine ZL104 aluminum alloy copper-based coating wear resistance coating |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划(重大科技创新工程)(2019JZZY010802) |
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| Author | Institution |
| LIU Yi | Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
| BAI Rui-xing | Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China;Xi'an Space Engin Company Limited, Xi'an 710100, China |
| LI Chang-jiu | Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
| LI Cheng-xin | Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 为了提升发动机气门座圈耐磨耐冲蚀性能，延长发动机寿命。方法 针对铝基发动机气门座圈，采用激光熔覆制备铜基合金覆层，对激光熔覆工艺与熔覆层性能之间的关系进行研究。以稀释率、覆层接触角为衡量标准优化参数，研究激光扫描速度、送粉率、激光重熔参数与熔覆层组织形貌的关系。结果 熔覆层的表层组织随扫描速度的增加而细化，同时，熔覆层的稀释率和覆层接触角均增大，而熔覆层的稀释率和覆层接触角随送粉率的增加呈下降趋势。通过改变激光重熔参数，可改变强化相在熔覆层中的分布情况，从而改变熔覆层硬度。通过对剪切断面进行分析，结果表明，结合界面的剪切强度随着扫描速度的增加先增加后降低，在扫描速度为8 mm/s时，剪切强度最大，为142.31 MPa。在最优参数下，熔覆层的平均硬度为392HV0.05，相当于ZL104铝合金基体硬度(约85HV0.05)的4.6倍。结论 熔覆层冲蚀磨损和销盘磨损试验表明，铜基涂层具有最低的摩擦因数和最低的冲蚀质量损失，印证了铜基覆层可以提升发动机气门原材料的耐磨耐冲蚀性能，并在一定程度上提升发动机缸体寿命，为实际应用提供一定的指导。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper aims to improve the wear resistance and erosion resistance of the engine valve rerainer and prolong the life of the engine. The paper adopted laser cladding to prepare copper-based alloy cladding for aluminum-based engine valve retainer, and studied the relationship between laser cladding process and cladding performance. Taking dilution rate and cladding contact angle as measurement criteria to optimize parameters, the paper studied the relationship between laser scanning speed, powder feeding rate, laser remelting parameters and microstructure and morphology of cladding layer. Through a series of experiments, the surface structure of the cladding layer was refined with the increase of the scanning speed. At the same time, the dilution rate of the cladding layer and the contact angle of the cladding layer increased, while the dilution rate and the cladding layer contact angle increased with the powder feeding rate. The increase is on a downward trend. By changing the parameters of laser remelting, the distribution of the strengthening phase in the cladding layer can be changed, thereby changing the hardness of the cladding layer. By analyzing the shear section, the results show that the shear strength of the bonding interface first increases and then decreases with the increase of the scanning speed. When the scanning speed is 8 mm/s, the shear strength is the highest, up to 142.31 MPa. Under the optimal parameters, the average hardness of the cladding layer is 392HV0.05, which is equivalent to 4.6 times the hardness of the ZL104 aluminum alloy matrix (about 85HV0.05).In conclusion, the erosion wear and pin-disk wear experiments of the cladding layer show that the copper-based coating has the lowest friction factor and the lowest erosion mass loss, which confirms that the copper-based coating can improve the wear resistance and erosion resistance of engine valve raw materials. Furthermore, the life of the engine cylinder block is improved to a certain extent, all of which provide certain guidance for practical application. |
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