常倾城,任利兵,刘英,谢咏馨,李卫.H13钢表面激光熔覆NbC/Ni60复合涂层组织及高温耐磨损性能[J].表面技术,2024,53(5):108-114.
CHANG Qingcheng,REN Libing,LIU Ying,XIE Yongxin,LI Wei.Microstructure and High Temperature Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding NbC/Ni60 Composite Coating on H13 Die Steel[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(5):108-114 |
| H13钢表面激光熔覆NbC/Ni60复合涂层组织及高温耐磨损性能 |
| Microstructure and High Temperature Wear Resistance of Laser Cladding NbC/Ni60 Composite Coating on H13 Die Steel |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-01 修订日期：2023-10-09 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.05.011 |
| 中文关键词: 激光熔覆 NbC/Ni60复合涂层 微观组织 显微硬度 高温耐磨性能 |
| 英文关键词:laser cladding NbC/Ni60 composite coating microstructure microhardness high temperature wear resistance |
| 基金项目:广东省自然科学基金(2023A1515010269) |
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| Author | Institution |
| CHANG Qingcheng | Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
| REN Libing | Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
| LIU Ying | Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China;Research Institute of Shaoguan, Jinan University, Guangdong Shaoguan 512027, China |
| XIE Yongxin | Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
| LI Wei | Institute of Advanced Wear & Corrosion Resistant and Functional Materials, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究NbC颗粒的加入量对H13钢表面激光熔覆NbC/Ni60复合涂层的组织、硬度和耐磨性的影响。方法 将Ni60合金粉末与NbC碳化物粉末球磨混合，采用激光熔覆技术，在H13钢基体表面制备不同NbC含量(质量分数分别为0%、10%、20%、30%)增强的NbC/Ni60合金复合涂层。采用电子扫描显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪对复合涂层的微观组织和物相进行分析。借助显微硬度计，研究复合涂层的截面显微硬度分布规律。采用高温摩擦磨损试验机测试复合涂层在真空400 ℃下的摩擦磨损性能。结果 在激光熔覆NbC/Ni60复合涂层中，物相主要由γ-(Ni, Fe)固溶体、Ni2Si、CrB、Cr23C6、NbC组成;熔覆层以胞晶和枝晶为主，NbC含量对复合熔覆层组织及形态具有显著影响，加入少量NbC可使熔覆层组织细化;在NbC的质量分数为20%时，大量弥散的NbC颗粒在枝晶间呈聚集趋势;在NbC的质量分数为30%时，熔覆层中NbC相呈现块状、花瓣状形貌。NbC/Ni60复合涂层的硬度显著高于H13钢基体，随着NbC含量的增加，NbC/Ni60复合熔覆层的显微硬度逐渐升高，NbC的质量分数为30%的NbC/Ni60复合熔覆层的平均硬度高达848HV。在真空400 ℃、压力100 N、转速100 r/min、时间7 200 s磨损工况下，NbC质量分数为20%的NbC/Ni60复合涂层的磨损量最小，因此其高温耐磨性最好。NbC质量分数为10%的NbC/Ni60复合涂层的摩擦因数最小。随着NbC含量的增加，复合涂层的摩擦因数反而升高。结论 NbC/Ni60复合涂层与H13钢基体具有很好的冶金结合，显著提高了高温耐磨性能;NbC颗粒硬质相具有较好的增强作用，能够明显提高NbC/Ni60复合涂层的硬度和耐磨性;粗大NbC相不利于复合涂层耐磨性的进一步提高。NbC/Ni60复合涂层的磨损机制主要为磨粒磨损、疲劳剥落磨损。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Composite coatings on H13 steel are fabricated with NbC and Ni60 mixture powders by laser cladding to improve the wear resistance of matrix materials. In this study, the effect of NbC content on microstructure, hardness and high temperature tribological behavior of the coatings was investigated. The NbC particles reinforced Ni60 alloy composite coating with different NbC contents (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%) was fabricated by laser cladding with a pulsed Nd-YAG laser of a wavelength of 1 064 nm and a beam diameter of 1 mm under argon shielding gas, and with the Ni60 and NbC mixed powders by ball-milling method and H13 die steel as the substrate. The microstructure and phases were analyzed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The section micro-hardness distribution of composite coatings were studied with a micro-hardness tester. The friction and wear properties of the composite coatings were carried out on a high temperature friction wear tester at 400 ℃ in a vacuum environment. The Ni60 laser cladding layer was mainly composed of γ-(Ni,Fe) solid solution, Ni2Si, Fe3C, CrB and Cr23C6. With the addition of NbC, a new hard-phase NbC was introduced in NbC/Ni60 laser cladding coatings and the microstructure was modified. The cladding layer was dominated by columnar crystals and dendritic structure, in which the dendrite spacing became smaller and the grain size was refined. During laser processing, the added NbC melts, and decomposes, and subsequently, a number of fine NbC precipitates formed and grew up during the solidification. NbC phases evolved and existed as particles, flakes, blocks or snowflakes distributed some uniformly in the coating. The amount of NbC addition had a strong influence on the morphology and size of NbC particles. When the mass fraction of NbC was above 20%, the dispersed NbC particles became aggregated between the dendrites. When the mass fraction of NbC was 30%, much grown and bigger block-shaped NbC, snowflake-shaped NbC was generated in the cladding layer. It was observed that the microhardness of NbC/Ni60 composite coatings were significantly higher than that of the H13 matrix, which increased with the increase of NbC content from 635HV to 848HV when 30% NbC was added. The NbC/Ni60 coating containing 20% NbC had the smallest wear mass loss, namely the the best wear resistance under the wear conditions of load 100 N, speed 100 r/min and time 7 200 s at 400 ℃ in vacuum. The NbC/Ni60 coating containing 10% NbC had the lowest friction coefficient and the more NbC addition reversedly improved friction coefficient. The NbC/Ni60 coating can be metallurgically bonded to the substrate and increase its wear resistance greatly. The NbC works as a hard enhanced phase and increases the hardness and wear resistance of the composite coatings, but the coarse NbC phase is not conducive to further improvement of wear resistance. The main wear mechanisms of H13 steel are adhesive wear and abrasion wear. Moreover, the dominant wear mechanisms of the NbC/Ni60 composite coatings are abrasion wear and fatigue spalling wear. |
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