付子聪,杨诗婷,田宪会,郎风超,李继军,张伟光.激光选区熔化Ti-6Al-4V合金的微纳压痕尺寸效应[J].表面技术,2024,53(5):85-95.
FU Zicong,YANG Shiting,TIAN Xianhui,LANG Fengchao,LI Jijun,ZHANG Weiguang.Size Effect of Micro-nano Indentation of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Selective Laser Melting[J].Surface Technology,2024,53(5):85-95 |
| 激光选区熔化Ti-6Al-4V合金的微纳压痕尺寸效应 |
| Size Effect of Micro-nano Indentation of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy by Selective Laser Melting |
| 投稿时间：2022-12-17 修订日期：2023-06-08 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2024.05.009 |
| 中文关键词: 激光选区熔化 退火处理 纳米压痕尺寸效应 Ti-6Al-4V合金 Nix-Gao模型 |
| 英文关键词:selective laser melting annealing treatment nano-indentation size effect Ti-6Al-4V alloy Nix-Gao model |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(12002174);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2020MS01021，2021MS01019，2022MS01009);内蒙古高等学校科学研究项目(NJZY22383) |
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| Author | Institution |
| FU Zicong | School of Sciences, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China |
| YANG Shiting | School of Sciences, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China;School of Intelligent Manufacturing, Chengdu Technological University, Chengdu 611730, China |
| TIAN Xianhui | School of Sciences, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China |
| LANG Fengchao | School of Sciences, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China |
| LI Jijun | School of Sciences, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China;School of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Shanghai Technical Institute of Electronic & Information, Shanghai 201411, China |
| ZHANG Weiguang | School of Sciences, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究不同状态激光选区熔化Ti-6Al-4V合金的纳米压痕尺寸效应。方法 对原始态合金分别进行600、700、800、900 ℃退火处理，利用扫描电子显微镜观察原始态和4种退火态合金的显微组织。基于纳米压痕技术测量原始态及4种退火态合金的纳米硬度和弹性模量。基于比例试样阻力模型、Nix-Gao模型和Meyer定律对纳米硬度进行函数拟合。结果 随着退火温度的升高，原始态组织从魏氏体逐渐演变为网篮组织。5种形态的Ti-6Al-4V合金的硬度和弹性模量均出现随压入深度的增加而减小的现象，表现出典型的压痕尺寸效应，基于试验测得的原始态及4种退火态合金的纳米硬度分别为3.66、4.36、3.96、3.88、4.77 GPa，弹性模量分别为113.1、125.2、102.1、100.3、108.7 GPa;基于比例试样阻力模型计算的纳米硬度分别为3.53、4.34、3.92、3.52、4.04 GPa;基于Nix-Gao模型计算的纳米硬度分别为3.68、3.94、4.07、3.85、4.47 GPa;基于Meyer定律拟合出的迈耶指数分别为1.75、1.86、1.82、1.80、1.81，均小于2，均表现为正压痕尺寸效应。结论 激光选区熔化Ti-6Al-4V合金的硬度及弹性模量均有典型的压痕尺寸效应;3种模型均能较好地描述原始态和退火态合金的压痕尺寸效应，Nix-Gao模型直接建立了纳米硬度和压痕深度的关系，其拟合结果更接近于试验结果，计算的硬度值也最为准确。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Due to the large temperature gradient, it is easy to accumulate residual stress inside the material, and residual stress will damage the normal function and structural integrity of the component during the forming process of selective laser melting technology. A suitable heat treatment process can release the residual stress generated during processing, which can improve the mechanical properties of the material. In order to accurately measure the mechanical properties of materials at the micro-nano scale, nanoindentation is often used. However, in the test of indentation hardness and modulus of elasticity, there are indentation size effects, which can affect the measurement results. Therefore, in order to study the effects of different preparation methods and annealing temperatures on the micro-nano mechanical properties and size effects of materials, the TC4 titanium alloy prepared by SLM technology by powder feeding was annealed at different temperatures in this paper. At the same time, the nanoindentation method was used to systematically analyze the micro-nano mechanical properties and size effects of materials in different states to provide a more comprehensive experimental basis for the study of nanoindentation size effects of additive manufacturing materials. Firstly, the original alloys were annealed at 600 ℃, 700 ℃, 800 ℃ and 900 ℃, respectively. After that, the surface of the alloy was physically polished and chemically etched and the microstructures of the original and four kinds of annealed alloys were observed with a scanning electron microscope. When the surface of the specimen was polished into a mirror, nanoindentation technique was used to measure the nano-hardness and elastic modulus of the original and four annealed alloys. During the test, the maximum load was set as 0.75 mN, 3 mN, 25 mN, 100 mN, 200 mN, 300 mN and 400 mN, respectively. In addition, when unloading to 10% of the maximum control load, it was held for 60 seconds to reduce the influence of thermal drift on the experimental results. Finally, the nano-hardness were fitted functionally by the proportional sample resistance model, Nix-Gao model and Meyer law. The results showed that the hardness and elastic modulus of the five kinds of Ti-6Al-4V alloy all decreased with the increase of the pressing depth, which showed the typical indentation size effect. The nano-hardness of the original and four annealed alloys measured by experiment was 3.66 GPa, 4.36 GPa, 3.96 GPa, 3.88 GPa and 4.77 GPa, respectively. The elastic modulus of the original and four annealed alloys was 113.1 GPa, 125.2 GPa, 102.1 GPa, 100.3 GPa and 108.7 GPa, respectively. The nano-hardness calculated based on the proportional specimen resistance model was 3.53 GPa, 4.34 GPa, 3.92 GPa, 3.52 GPa and 4.04 GPa, respectively. The nano-hardness calculated based on the Nix-Gao model was 3.68 GPa, 3.94 GPa, 4.07 GPa, 3.85 GPa and 4.47 GPa, respectively. The Meyer index fitted based on the Meyer's law was 1.75, 1.86, 1.82, 1.80 and 1.81, respectively, all of which was less than 2, it was positive indentation size effect. The three models can describe the indentation size effect of the original and annealed alloys well. The Nix-Gao model can establish the relationship between nanohardness and indentation depth directly, therefore the fitting results are closer to the experimental results, and the calculated hardness values are also the most accurate. |
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