徐昊钺,安丽琼,董丽华,范润华.极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学研究进展[J].表面技术,2023,52(12):260-273.
XU Hao-yue,AN Li-qiong,DONG Li-hua,FAN Run-hua.Research Progress in Tribology of Materials in Polar Marine Environment[J].Surface Technology,2023,52(12):260-273 |
| 极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学研究进展 |
| Research Progress in Tribology of Materials in Polar Marine Environment |
| 投稿时间：2022-09-03 修订日期：2023-03-08 |
| DOI：10.16490/j.cnki.issn.1001-3660.2023.12.022 |
| 中文关键词: 极地海洋环境 摩擦学 磨损 腐蚀 涂层 材料 |
| 英文关键词:polar marine environment tribology wear corrosion coatings materials |
| 基金项目:上海深远海洋装备材料工程技术研究中心项目(19DZ2253100) |
|
|
| Author | Institution |
| XU Hao-yue | College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 200135, China |
| AN Li-qiong | College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 200135, China |
| DONG Li-hua | College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 200135, China |
| FAN Run-hua | College of Ocean Science and Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 200135, China |
|
| 摘要点击次数: |
| 全文下载次数: |
| 中文摘要: |
| 随着北极航行的发展及极地资源开发的需要，如何提高极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学性能愈发重要。在极地海洋环境中，碎冰、冰层和海水中的腐蚀性物质会使材料受到摩擦磨损、腐蚀及其耦合的影响;低温潮湿环境会增加材料的脆性、使材料表面覆冰、改变材料的摩擦磨损机理;强紫外线会加速涂层老化;这些因素都会降低材料的耐磨性能，最终导致材料失效。因此，极地海洋环境服役材料的摩擦学与材料的性能、服役寿命息息相关。本文介绍了极地探索所面临的摩擦磨损问题;阐述了极地温度、极地海洋大气及海水成分、海冰运动和极地微生物等极地海洋环境特点及其对材料摩擦学性能的影响;重点介绍了金属材料、无机非金属材料、高分子材料在极地海洋环境下的摩擦学进展;探讨了提升材料在极地海洋环境下的耐磨防腐技术，如改性、表面修饰等;最后，结合极地海洋环境服役材料摩擦磨损研究中所面临的问题及发展趋势，对未来极地海洋服役材料的摩擦学研究工作进行展望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| With the development of navigation in the Arctic and the exploitation of polar resources, much attention has been paid to how to improve the tribological properties of materials used in the polar marine environment. For the characteristics of the polar marine environment, materials are often attacked by wear, corrosion and corrosive wear due to ice and corrosive substances in the sea. In addition, the low temperature and humid environment will not only increase the brittleness of materials, but also lead to icing on the surface of materials and change the friction and wear mechanism of materials. The strong ultraviolet light will accelerate the aging of coatings. All these factors will reduce the wear resistance and eventually lead to failure of materials. Therefore, the tribology of materials in polar marine environment is closely related to their properties and determines their service life. Based on the tribology problems in materials used in polar marine environment, the characteristics of polar marine environment, such as polar temperature, polar marine atmosphere, polar seawater composition and polar microorganisms, and their effects on tribological properties of materials were introduced. Next, research progress in the tribological property of metal, inorganic nonmetallic materials and polymer in polar marine environment and their improvement ways, such as modification, surface treatment was given in detail. For metal, the reduction of temperature will hinder the formation of oxidation transition layer, thus increasing the friction coefficient and wear amount of substrate materials. Besides, when the metal is subject to wear-corrosion coupling, wear plays an important role in material loss. Adding Ni, Cr, Mo and other alloying elements into the metal can reduce the tough-brittle transition temperature of the metal, and also refine the grain to strengthen the wear resistance. For concrete, it is subject to a freeze-thaw cycle that increases its porosity and decreases its strength, making it easier to wear. When it is rubbed with ice, the ice will break into crushed ices, and they act as abrasive particles to increase the wear of concrete. Changing the type and proportion of concrete aggregate can improve the overall strength of concrete and improve its freeze-thaw resistance. For polymer, the decrease of temperature will increase the hardness of polymer, reduce the contact area and thus reduce the friction coefficient. On the other hand, the decrease of temperature will increase the bond strength between the materials and thus increase the friction coefficient. The surface modification of the polymer material can reduce the contact area, thus reducing the friction, and also can strengthen the lubrication effect of water flow on the friction interface. Filling the polymer material with self-lubricating materials can also reduce the friction coefficient of the material and improve the wear resistance at low temperature. For coatings, with the decrease of temperature, the toughness of the coating decreases, and the problems such as embrittlement and cracking occur easily. By hydrophobic modification of polymer coating, introduction of soft segments or filling of hard particles, the problems such as icing and aging cracking of coatings can be solved. Finally, the blueprint of research study on tribology in polar marine environment is prospected by reviewing the problem and development trend. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
|
|
|
渝公网安备 50010702501715号